Release 2: The losses caused by Japanese plane bombing Chongqing

The release of the Japanese fascist bombing on Chongqing began in February 1938 and ended in August 1943.

The release was mainly concentrated in the three years from 1939 to 1941. The Japanese army concentrated the invading army and navy of China.

The major aviation forces have been released, with more than 50 aircraft attacking Chongqing in the past 60 days, and more than 90 aircraft attacking Chongqing in the past 30 days.

The release racks can reach up to 175 aircraft a day. Each bombing not only drops many explosive bombs, but also drops a lot of them.

Released multiple incendiary bombs, targeting densely populated and prosperous areas. Japanese aircraft bombing caused extremely heavy

Losses from release.

The release of the losses caused to Chongqing by Japanese bombing, various documents have different records.

According to statistics from the book "Chongqing Bombing", Japanese planes bombed heavily in the four years from 1938 to 1941.

127 times of release, 5,940 aircraft were dispatched, about 15,677 bombs were dropped, more than 9,990 people were killed, and the explosion was injured.

10,233 people were released, 8,250 buildings were destroyed, and another 33,300 buildings were destroyed. [6](p26) was also based on "Chongqing Air Defense"

The book "Published Journal" is incompletely counted. In five and a half years, Japanese planes bombed Chongqing 203 times and dispatched aircraft

9,166 sorties were released, 17,812 bombs were dropped, and 24,004 people were killed and injured, of which 11,148 were killed.

12,856 people were seriously injured (the number of casualties in the Jiaochangkou tunnel tragedy was calculated according to official statistics), bombing,

17,452 burned houses and 37,182 houses were released [7](p94). Yu Fan and Chen Jianlin comprehensively based on relevant information

The combined calculations are released to believe that during the Anti-Japanese War, Japanese planes attacked Chongqing 218 times, and 9,513 aircraft were dispatched.

21,593 bombs were released, 11,889 citizens were killed, 14,100 were injured, 17,608 houses were burned, and the losses were lost.

It is difficult to count the release of assets, and the direct economic losses of the industrial and commercial community in the city alone will reach US$5 million [8].

The number of casualties in Chongqing City suffered from Japanese bombing during the War of Resistance against Japanese planes released by the Provincial Government Statistics Office, totaling

23,126 people were released, of which 9,218 were killed and 13,908 were injured [9] (p81-82). According to 1942

Publish statistics on the Chongqing Air Raid Damage Exhibition that opened on April 15, from 1938 to 1941, Japan

Aircraft launches 117 air strikes in Chongqing, 22,312 bombs were dropped, 30,136 citizens were killed, and 9,141 citizens were injured.

Publisher[10]. Among these statistical data, there are significant differences in statistics on the number of casualties, from 20,000 people

Published to nearly 40,000 people. According to information from all parties, the statement of nearly 40,000 people seems to be exaggerated, maybe it is

The release was for the need for publicity at that time. The 20,000 people's theory was based on archival data statistics, and the system at that time was

There are many omissions in the release plan due to many reasons. Therefore, we believe that 24,500 casualties are killed or killed.

The release said it is more credible. However, the number of casualties in this number of casualties in the big tunnel tragedy is based on the official rules.

The number of people were reported to be counted. How many people were killed or injured in the tragedy of the big tunnel? There are also great differences in various data.

The "Review Report on the Asphyxiation Case of the Large Tunnel" issued by the Review Committee of the Asphyxiation of the Large Tunnel at that time was released, and the

The number of deaths was announced to be 992, and 151 seriously injured and admitted to the hospital[9](p86-87). Guo Weibo was in "Serious"

The article published in the article "The personal experience of the Qingda Tunnel Tragedy" believes that "nearly 10,000 citizens died of suffocation overnight

Release "[11]. Both of these two statements are worth discussing, the maximum capacity of GCCT tunnel is less than 10,000

The tragic death of nearly 10,000 people is exaggerated. The case is related to the dereliction of duty by the air defense authorities, and the review report

The published figures should be retained. According to the then Chongqing police chief Tang Yi at a Red Cross banquet

At the press conference, judging from the number of dead bodies actually counted by citizens and the number of times they were transported away by trucks, the number of deaths should be

The number of releases is 4,000[1](p93~94). Therefore, we believe that the actual number of casualties in this tragedy should be

It was released that there were more than 3,000 people, about 2,000 more than the official statistics. In this way, Japanese planes bombed

The number of casualties in Chongqing should be around 26,700.

Published in terms of property losses, in February 1948, the Chongqing Municipal Government reported to the Executive Yuan Compensation Committee

The public and private property losses issued were estimated to be nearly 6.4 billion yuan (calculated based on the currency value in 1937), of which the private property losses were

Release losses account for more than 99% of the total loss [7](p112,p220). As can be seen from the table below, the loss

The release situation did not include the military and enterprise aspects of the National Government. In fact, except for the air guarding Chongqing

In addition to the serious losses suffered by the military and anti-aircraft artillery units, the losses in the directly affiliated units of the National Government of Chongqing are also not the same.

The 21st Arsenal was bombed by more than 14 Japanese planes, and property losses were achieved.

Release about 8 million yuan [12].

Release report the Chongqing Municipal Government to the Executive Yuan Compensation Committee to the Chongqing Anti-Japanese War Period

The disaster loss situation table is released (Note: see the edited by Chongqing Civil Air Defense Office, "Chongqing Air Defense Chronicle" No.

112 pages published, Southwest Normal University Press, 1994.)

Published February 26, 1948

Published Unit: Yuan (based on the currency value of 1937)

Release of public-owned private projects directly and indirectly. Indirectly. Total agriculture 331371331371 Industry 451004912 483397977 934402889 Electricity Industry 2002779 59032008687 Commercial 902182820 87581086 989763906 Financial Industry 7603824 7603824 Transportation Industry 345

4382652   5855174  3460237826 Government organs   382494 178196560690 People’s Organization 261607783  95024655   356632438 Ordinary households 6238662386 Total  382494 178196 5702977694 671864800  6375403184

Released that Japan's bombing in Chongqing has caused far more than this, and in the brutal bombing, many families

The family was killed, and the losses were simply uncountable. The plague caused by the bombing was overflowing, war orphans and

Release the physiological and psychological creations of countless refugees, as well as the subsequent suspension of work and production, traffic paralysis, and public security

The losses are also inestimable as releases deteriorate, prices soar, etc.

Release 3: Characteristics and roles of Chongqing people's anti-bombing struggle

In the face of the indiscriminate bombing of Japanese imperialism, the Chongqing people carried out a heroic anti-bombing struggle

Publish. In order to protect the safety of the accompanying capital, air force soldiers and ground air defense forces are not afraid of powerful enemies and fight bravely;

Reduce bombing losses, air defense authorities and people from all walks of life are actively engaged in emergency rescue, disaster relief, relief services, people

Evacuation of the release entrance and construction of air raid shelters; in order to persist in the long-term war of resistance, all sectors of Chongqing society condemned the Japanese army's violence on the one hand

Release, work hard while producing.

The anti-bombing struggle was released under the huge gap in the enemy's strength, and passive air defense work was carried out.

The release was highly valued by the air defense authorities and all sectors of society. Before the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, Japan owned the flying

The number of released aircraft far exceeds that of China and can produce 800 aircraft per year, but China cannot manufacture aircraft.

In the early days of the War of Resistance, Chinese Air Force aircraft suffered almost losses in the air battles in the Army, Navy and Beijing and Shanghai.

After all releases, although it was supplemented, by early 1939, there were only more than 300 aircraft, but they were actually available.

Less than half of it were released. At this time, Japan often maintained about 900 aircraft in China, and the performance of the aircraft was first

In the next three years, the Japanese aviation force has always maintained its brilliance against the Chinese Air Force.

Release the advantage. In the spring of 1939, there were only more than 20 air force aircraft stationed in Chongqing, and ground anti-aircraft artillery were also

Only more than 10 companies of troops were released. Especially after the Bishan air battle in September 1940, the air force guarding Chongqing

No matter how difficult it is to organize forces to take off the air combat, Chongqing's small number of anti-aircraft anti-aircraft guns are even more difficult to stop Japanese aircraft bombing.

Released in 1941, the attack on Chongqing aircraft only suffered 2 damages and 4 injuries. The Japanese aircraft was raging for a while, and the people of Chongqing suffered

A huge disaster was released. It is precisely because of the limited active air defense capabilities that Chongqing air defense authorities and society have

The publishing industry attaches great importance to passive air defense work. It has formed a complete set of relatively complete sets in the anti-bombing struggle.

The air defense measures issued, such as evacuating large numbers of people, building air-raid shelters, and establishing a huge protective service team

Release the troops and strictly implement air defense security, etc.

Release: The National Government and Chongqing Local Government have played an active role in presiding and organizing the anti-bombing struggle

Release. The National Government and Chongqing local government attach great importance to Chongqing's air defense work and are in the anti-bombing struggle

During the release, the Chongqing Air Defense Command was gradually formed to be commanded and coordinated, including protective agencies.

Release an air defense protection system composed of asylum agencies and relief service agencies. Chongqing Air Defense Command completed

The release was established in September 1937 and was later reorganized several times and became the direct agency of the Military Commission.

Release and coordinate the construction of air raid intelligence networks, transmission and release of air raid alarms, construction and management of air raid shelters and

The release has played a positive role in eliminating the consequences of air strikes, etc., and for the rescue and disaster relief, Chongqing City protection was established

Release group and other institutions. The group is a local self-defense organization with the government and civilian group, with firefighting, rescue and labor

The four directly affiliated brigades of release and protection were nearly 20,000 people at the highest. In order to deal with the aftermath relief work, the

The Chongqing Air Raid Emergency Relief Joint Office was established (reorganized in early 1940 to Chongqing Air Raid Service Relief

Release the joint office, which was reorganized into the Peace Capital Air Raid Rescue Committee in early 1941), and the office is under the jurisdiction of
To be continued...