Chapter 69         Ming Dynasty Commercial Law

To limit the unlimited greed of the upper class powers, doing so alone is naturally not enough. A complete set of commercial laws is also needed.

Zhu Qizhen is preparing to stay in Suzhou until the end of the year. After the spring of next year, he will set off north and return to Beijing.

During this period of time, on the one hand, he had to review memorials sent from Beijing, or some memorials sent directly to Zhu Qizhen.

Although doing so actually violates the organizational principles of the Ming Dynasty, it is convenient for geographical reasons, especially in the south, and secondly, many ministers below are willing to take pictures of Zhu Qizhen's horses like this.

Fortunately, Qiu Jun brought a group of people to Zhu Qizhen, and there were only a hundred Hanlin Academicians and the Secretariat of the Central Secretariat. It can be said that he brought half of the cabinet of the Ming Dynasty.

Zhu Qizhen asked the prince to help again.

This is also a good opportunity to make the prince familiar with the government affairs of the Ming Dynasty. Anyway, Zhu Qizhen did not mean to change Prince. Zhu Qizhen would sooner or later hand over these things to the prince, but now he has not become familiar with them much.

Zhu Qizhen's main energy is to supervise Wang Shu to handle business taxes, and to meet merchants of all sizes and understand the various problems they have in doing business.

Good compilation of the first commercial law of the Ming Dynasty.

Zhu Qizhen's reform was the first to start the compilation of the "Da Ming Hui Dian".

In fact, the compilation of "The Ming Dynasty Hui Dian" has been in a stagnation over the years. From the founding of the Ming Dynasty to the end of Xuande, the changes in the law and the stories have been compiled.

The only thing that cannot be written is the reforms that Zhu Qizhen is implementing, including the test-taking method, the one-whip method, the official law, and many orders, school orders, salt tax reforms, etc.

It has been changing all the time, and Zhu Qizhen also intends to delay the case.

However, the main personnel have been relocated, and only a dozen people left in the entire editing team to proofread the errors and fill in the gaps, almost no one is left.

Look, Zhu Qizhen added another new member to the Ming Dynasty.

The Ming Dynasty law set a precedent for a generation. It classified all laws, including the laws of officials, household laws, ritual laws, military laws, criminal laws, and engineering laws. This classification is conducive to implementation.

Now Zhuqizhen wants to add new commercial law, or commercial law.

In this way, it seems that in the court system, a department must be chosen to be responsible for these matters.

Now, a minister of the Ministry of Works is assigned to be responsible for it.

Now Zhu Qizhen feels that the traditional six-department system is no longer in line with reality. However, there is too much resistance to change.

Zhu Qizhen thought to himself: "How about selling dog meat with sheep's head?"

Zhu Qizhen suddenly felt that there was not much work in Taipu Temple, so he might as well as allocate the responsibility of Taipu Temple to the Ministry of Works to let Taipu Temple do this.

Although there were many horse farms in the Ming Dynasty, the main source of the Ming Dynasty's war horses today was not the horse farms in the Ming Dynasty, but were directly purchased by the Mongolians in the south and north of the desert and traded with borders.

After all, Mongolians are professional when it comes to raising horses.

Previously, Taipu Temple was responsible for raising horses and even had civil affairs, and set aside large grasslands in the local area, which was ranked alongside the prefectures and counties. It has great power, but now Taipu Temple receives more money from the Ministry of Revenue to buy horses and then transfers them to the Privy Council.

There are too few things.

Zhu Qizhen all had the intention to cut him off.

Moreover, with the emergence of steam engines and railways, the demand for horses in the Ming Dynasty would become less and less. You should know that the current Chidao system has ate hundreds of thousands of batches of horses. In addition to the army, the number of horses owned by the Ming government is between one million and two million.

But this will be the highest peak of the Ming Dynasty's horses. Nothing else, the railway has begun to replace the Chidao, and after the Chidao was replaced by the railway.

The Ming Dynasty would take a sharp turn for the worse if the number of horses needed.

There will be no demand today in the future.

However, such institutional changes are required to be dealt with after Zhu Qizhen returns to Beijing.

Zhu Qizhen did the compilation of the Ming Dynasty's Shang Law from two aspects. First, let people choose the regulations on merchants from the Ming Dynasty's Shang Law one by one.

After all, although the Ming Dynasty did not have a special business law, it did not mean that no one would care about the merchants.

Ancient legislation was also quite comprehensive, but these regulations were mixed in many other laws and regulations.

Zhu Qizhen also crossed it many times himself, but finally found that the more he chose it, the more he chose it. He suddenly had an enlightenment. That is, many rules seem to have nothing to do with the law of the commerce, but in fact they are closely connected.

For example, in the Ming Dynasty, there are courses, money bonds, market bonds, etc. Among them, courses refer to private salt, private tea and other businesses, money bonds, etc., which are not allowed to be operated by the court, and money bonds are determined based on the relationship between bank, money and loans, etc. Market refers to shops, which are all commercial issues, but there are still some issues about inheritance rights, which are difficult to separate.

Zhu Qizhen even had the idea of ​​setting up a set of Civil Codes, but his idea was quickly held down by himself.

If you do this, you will completely destroy the Ming Dynasty law system.

It won't be accepted by many people.

Zhu Qizhen first made a point of determination, that is the company law.

This is also a realistic need.

It’s like Xian Jing registered with the Ministry of Works before he could open a Foshan iron plant, but in essence, the nature of Foshan iron plant and many subsequent factories lacks determination.

As a business entity, there are few precedents for how to manage it.

Zhu Qizhen has been willing to let go over the years and has also seen the disadvantages. Where are many businessmen jointly operated commercial groups? How much is the difference between them and gangster gangs?

Not just ignoring the law and working together to make profits.

Here I have to say that the ancient Chinese is profound and profound.

Most of the ancient discourses do not need training, and as long as the text is pronounced, most of them are correct. However, the new modern words are actually allowed to be read by the ancients, and the ancients can guess them even if they are guessed.

For example, the name of the company.

What is public? Shuowen Jiezi quotes Han Feizi's words: "By private and public."

What is the minister? If the minister is in the outside world, all the subordinates of the minister are followed by the minister. That is, the meaning is to be in charge.

So what does a company mean? Isn’t it just that many people work together to do one thing?

In fact, the name of society is more suitable in the context of the Ming Dynasty. Because there were many so-called so-called so-called so-called so-called so-called so-called so-called so-called so-called so-called so-called so-called so-called so-called so-called so-called so-called so-called so-called so-called so-called so-called so-called so-called so-called so-called so-called so-called so-called so-called so-called so-called so-called so-called

This is why companies are called so-called so-called companies in Japan and South Korea.

However, who is Zhu Qizhen used to the name of the company? As the emperor, he still has such a little willfulness.

Of course, the company laws of this era are not as complicated as those of later generations, only a few.

The first is registration and cancellation.

Zhu Qizhen transferred this matter to the level of the mansion, that is, if there is something like Xianjing Foshan Iron Factory, don’t go to Beijing to find a way, just look for a way in the mansion.

There is also a certain scale.

This is also a realistic need. Many companies operate a storefront and do not have the need to register a company at all.

The reason why Zhu Qizhen wanted to set up a company was also necessary for the development of today's society. It clarified the relationship between superiors and subordinates and allowed the Ming Dynasty to manage this big businessman.

Of course, there is another hidden and very direct purpose, which is to collect taxes.

Zhu Qizhen has always kept the administrative costs in mind.

Although the administrative efficiency of the Ming Dynasty has improved a lot, it is only then that little businessmen can't control it. It's not a problem.

Secondly, the shareholding system is written into the law.

In fact, Chinese businessmen have been in partnership for a long time, and all kinds of shares are very good. Zhu Qizhen has also asked the merchants many times, and there are some customary business practices between them.

Zhu Qizhen did not modify it much, and directly included it in the law.

In this way, after a dispute arises in a businessman's joint stock operation, such cases have laws to follow. In fact, these cases were also before, but they were judged by citing precedents.

Many of these are just some business issues, and many of the following things are very important to Zhu Qizhen because they are directly related to the income of the court.

The next step is to pay taxes, several of which are, such as various monopoly taxes, deed taxes, and punishments.
Chapter completed!