Chapter 38 The Implementation of Commercial Law

To be honest, as the chief minister, these cases may be very important to the parties involved, which is related to the ownership of the family property, the name of the ancestors, etc. But for Zhou Mengchen, it is nothing.

Just some housework.

These slaves lived with their master's family for decades, and some even lived in the capital in the early Ming Dynasty. For example, the Songjiang Lu family. Their genealogy records that the ancestors avoided the Yuan Dynasty and ventured to cross the river to the south. The family was almost killed. Fortunately, there was a loyal servant who sent several children to Songjiang, which led to the later Songjiang Lu family. The loyal servant's lineage has an important position in the Lu family for generations.

But the first generation of loyal servants was naturally loyal servants, and there was no doubt about it. But after several generations, it is hard to say what they think.

Lu Yi's father, a Hanlin bachelor, finally broke up with his family and moved to Shanghai himself. He opened a new lineage, and what happened. Although there is no external rumor, many things have commonalities.

For Zhou Mengchen, who is in the position of chief minister, he actually hopes that these big families will become chaotic. After all, a big family cannot be defeated for a while. It is the turn of outsiders to start from the inside and kill hard at his own home.

Zhou Mengchen did not want the clans of Jiangnan to be too strong.

This case is unclear and unclear, and it may not be impossible. Anyway, even if these housework is placed in the current court, it may not be convincing both parties.

But from a higher perspective, these things are rooted in the unclearity of fiscal power.

Because parents do not separate their families, many people's property is tribal property, and they are just in charge of it. The family property is subdivided into the industries of each house, etc. Many people have very little private property, or even just their own private money.

Many things seem to own, but in fact they are tribal property, such as land. Generally speaking, many people's land cannot be sold to outsiders, but must be sold to people within the tribe. This is because their land has the attributes of tribe property.

This collective ownership is actually very unclear. If you accidentally become the patriarch.

The most important thing that Zhou Mengchen used to withdraw from commercial law was to clarify private property rights.

Although it cannot be said that private property is sacred and inviolable. Now all property must be clearly defined in the future. Either it is private property. If it is clan property, it is considered that the male clan has a joint-stock company.

In short, all property can be specifically in the name of a certain person or official property.

Since this property is in the name of someone, they have the right to dispose of it independently.

This is to disintegrate people from the clan system.

With this solution, the unclear property relationship between these masters and servants also weakened the clan's control over people. In addition, such a thing, they were asked to go to the government to see who some industries were registered under.

By the way, stamp duty should be paid for this kind of registration. It is also another source of wealth for the local area. Moreover, with such detailed economic data, there is also a basis for levying commercial tax.

Of course, there are still some problems that have not been solved. That is, although women have property rights, after all, women's dowry belong to them in ancient times. However, they do not have independent inheritance rights. This is also the basis of the people's sentiment.

Zhou Mengchen had no choice.

After all, he seems to be in power, but in fact, he does a lot of things and does not conflict with the traditional moral concepts of the people. Even if he determines property rights, most of the property will be in the oldest male in the family in the future.

Of course, this is just family property. If you leave the family, the money you earn is also yours. The money your son earns before was the father.

This is filial piety.

There are many things that can only advance, two, retreat one.

In addition, Zhou Mengchen also re-developed the commercial law. The terms on taxes, factories, and all parties are generally a summary of Hai Rui's actions in Songjiang, and were first implemented by Hai Rui. In the name of Nanjing's Ministry of Revenue, it was implemented in the four prefectures in Jiangnan.

This is to regard the four prefectures of Jiangnan as special zones of the Ming Dynasty.

These things are easy to say, but they are also very difficult to do.

In Zhou Mengchen's opinion, it is even much more difficult than fighting.

After all, when fighting, it is clear that the enemy is the one who is your own people is clear at a glance. But today, in the court, you have me and I have you. Many people have one thing in front of each other and one behind them.

Even if many people seem to be their own people, they may not necessarily do what they do, set up condoms and back pricks, which are even more convenient for home-owned property.

From the 47th year of Jiajing to the 51st year of Jiajing, Zhou Mengchen was constantly playing games, fighting and compromising with all forces. He used various methods to implement his own policies.

Ridiculously, the best way to implement is the one-whip method.

Because the one-whip method is real, the land is everywhere. In addition, a large number of qualified surveyors have a lot of errors, and there are still quite few places that can't be hidden.

Naturally, a large number of hidden fields were found.

However, the law does not blame the public. Zhou Mengchen did not dare to do things that would offend the public. He even specifically told Qu Jingchun, a good person, to do one thing, that is, to tamper with the yellow book and fill in the land that had not been on the yellow book one by one. As long as these big families pay taxes obediently, Zhou Mengchen thought that he had never known before, and these families had done such things.

This is to give them face and to themselves.

In fact, they were all willing to do this. It was Hai Rui who pursued Duke Wei relentlessly, and finally let Duke Wei lose his title and let his legitimate son inherit the Duke of Wei. Although this seems to be nothing.

However, there was a gold medal in the family of Duke of Wei. The most noble in the world, the descendant of King Xu Da of the Mountain.

Killing the Duke of Wei shocked the world. Moreover, in recent years, Zhou Mengchen has been helping to do anything, and many of the original wealthy families were brought in by Zhou Mengchen. Only then did the literati and officials from all sides pay taxes obediently, thinking that paying taxes is a virtue. Of course, the tax exemption amount should be given. Even so, Zhou Mengchen felt that the increase in land tax would be a terrifying level.

Although the whole world has not yet been cleared, such as the northwest, southwest, and the west and overseas land that have just been confirmed, have not yet been cleared.

At this time, the land tax in the world is more than 20 million taels. After all the places have finished clearing, if the tax exemption limit can be reduced, the amount of land tax can easily reach as much as 30 million yuan.

In other words, this item alone is enough to maintain the operation of the Ming Dynasty.

It even made Zhou Mengchen worry about something.

That is, what should I do if the court has too much money?

If ancient people might have enriched the imperial treasury, such as the rule of Wen and Jing, the money in the imperial treasury was extremely large. However, Zhou Mengchen knew one thing very well that the amount of silver circulated in the Ming Dynasty was limited.

Zhou Mengchen couldn't figure out the specific number. On the one hand, the number was changing, and due to the sea trade, silver had been flowing into the Ming Dynasty. Secondly, Zhou Mengchen didn't have much economic data in his hands.

The total amount of Ming Dynasty currency cannot be calculated.

But Zhou Mengchen estimated that it would be good to have as much as 400 million taels of copper coins and silver dollars and gold. Of course, this is real money and silver. As for the data on the expansion of bank bill debt, Zhou Mengchen is even more difficult to count.

If the imperial court kept all the money in the treasury, there would be problems with the Ming Dynasty's economy. And it would be a big problem.

However, the matter of clearing the land and the one-whip method was so successful. However, the more practical aspects were just waiting for good and cheap, and the reform of commercial law was always difficult.

The commercial law was fine. With Hai Rui's efforts, the entire four prefectures in Jiangnan did something, and Zhou Mengchen also included Heshuo Province in the pilot. In addition, the industrial zones were gradually formed near Beijing and Nanjing.

However, if you want to promote it nationwide, there is still a lot of resistance, and the biggest resistance is talent.

In essence, commercial law is the redefinition of production relations after industrialization. In terms of management, the Ming Dynasty governments required to go deep into the production environment for refined management, and then there were too few such talents in the Ming Dynasty. Even though Zhou Mengchen included mathematics in the imperial examination several years ago, the difficulty of mathematics has increased year by year in recent years.

So many students said: "The eight-legged essay is easy to pass, and mathematics is the gates of hell."
Chapter completed!