Section 4: Entering the Central Plains

Wushan is green and open to the green gorge, and there is the Chu Jurchen Palace underneath. It does not follow the colorful clouds and return to the blue sky, but it hits the walkers for dusk rain. The old things are there every year, and every day, who dreams frequently. It should be that Jingshan cannot be kept, and I can still see the fragrance of the fragrance.

In 1123 AD, the army of Jin State looted all the treasures of Yanjing in Liao State, and then handed over Yanjing to the Southern Song Dynasty as agreed with the Song Dynasty, but Yanjing was already an empty city. In August of that year, Wanyan Aguda led his troops back to Shangjing. When he walked to the current western palace in Fuyu, Jilin Province, Wanyan Aguda had completed his life at the age of 56. Wanyan Aguda died of illness on the way. In September, if Aguda's coffin was transported back to Shangjing.

There are three mausoleums about Wanyan Aguda. At first, her poem was buried in Ruiling outside the northern city of Huining Prefecture in Shangjing. During the Emperor's reign, she was buried in Heling in Hu Kaishan. The instruments of this mausoleum are still unknown. During the Zhenyuan period, she was buried in Zhongdu, which is now Dafang Mountain in southwest of Beijing, and is still called Ruiling. Wanyan Aguda's tomb is not only a place for sacrifices to descendants, but also has a special function. It is to punish generals and present prisoners to demonstrate. This function can be said to be the imperial tombs of all dynasties.

There are not only those in the bedroom. Before the Hailing King moved the capital, some senior generals made mistakes and needed severe punishment, and they were forced to apologize in front of the Taizu Tomb. Those who committed minor crimes would be punished, and those who committed serious crimes would be beheaded. Therefore, the Taizu Tomb of the Jin Dynasty was also called the killing of generals. Regarding the issue of prisoners, in the war between the Jin Dynasty and the Liao Dynasty to attack the Song Dynasty, every time they achieved major victories, a prisoner offering ceremony was held in this place. In 1128 AD, the two emperors Hui and Qin of the Northern Song Dynasty and their concubines were captured by the Jin Dynasty and held the largest prisoner offering ceremony in history.

The Great Jin Dynasty established by Wanyan Aguda had lasted for nine generations of emperors and lasted for 120 years. The Jurchens developed from backward tribes to a national regime, and successively destroyed the Liao Kingdom, then destroyed the Northern Song Dynasty, conquered Goryeo, attacked Xixia, and fought against Mongolia. I don’t know how many wars it experienced, and it can be said that after the baptism of blood and fire, the Jin army also developed into an unstoppable army. After the founding of the Jin Kingdom, the Five Capitals were implemented, and these Five Capitals refer to the Daxing Prefecture of Zhongdu, Huining Prefecture of Shangjing, and Nan

The capital of Kaifeng Prefecture, Beijing Dading Prefecture, Tokyo Liaoyang Prefecture, Xijing Datong Prefecture, three state capitals were established - Shangjing Huining Prefecture, Zhongdu Daxing Prefecture, Nanjing Kaifeng Prefecture; the administrative area implemented the management system of roads, prefectures, and counties, and established the 19th routes of the five capitals. Agriculture, animal husbandry, and commerce were once prosperous, literature, art, religion, and technology were also admired. The territory under its jurisdiction was also very vast. At its peak, it reached the Xing'an Mountains in the north, the Huai River in the south, the sea in the east, and the Shaanxi in the west, with a population of more than 44.7 million.

During the rise of the Jurchens, the Jurchens were not only expanded, but also improved culture and quality. The most convincing thing was the emergence of Jurchen characters and the sinicization of the Jurchen nation. The Jurchens had never written words before, and they still carved symbols and noted things on wood like primitive society. When collecting taxes, they also relied on carving symbols. If there were any urgent matters, they would carve three symbols. During the rule of the Liao Kingdom, the Jurchens never understood other words. When Wanyan Aguda's uncle Jin Suzong was reigned, the Jurchens began to learn Khitan language. Wanyan

Aguda himself was very proficient in Khitan language. Until the Jurchens attacked the Liao Kingdom, they passed on important military information, relying on oral teaching, and there was no written order. Therefore, until the early days of Aguda in Wanyan, the Jurchens still had no written words. After the destruction of the Liao Dynasty, the Jurchens captured many Khitans and Han people and began to let their subordinates learn Khitan characters and Chinese characters. Because the ancestors of the Little Kings did not have written words, when Jinshi recorded the early Jurchen history, they generally recorded the clan legends of the Jurchens, and it was difficult to find out whether these things were true or false.

After the founding of Wanyan Aguda, for the need of rule, he had to start creating characters. Wanyan Aguda arranged for the ministers of Wanyan Xiyin and Yelu who were proficient in Khitan and Chinese to create unique characters belonging to the nation based on Khitan and Chinese characters. After the creation of Jurchen characters, it was officially ordered to be promulgated nationwide in 1119 AD. This type of character was called Jurchen large characters by later generations. Why is it called Jurchen large characters? Because from the appearance, the strokes of Jurchen characters include horizontal, straight, dot, stroke, and stroke, which are very similar to the stroke reduction or change of Chinese characters. The writing method is from top to bottom, changing lines from right to left. In 1138 AD, it was the time when the Wanyan Dan of Jinxizong was in power. He asked someone to refer to Khitan characters and created and issued another Jurchen characters, which is called Jurchen small characters. The official documents still use large characters to write, and the Jurchen small characters

It was not until 1145 AD. Until now, the Little Merchant, Khitan, and Chinese characters were used simultaneously in the Jin Dynasty. By the time of Emperor Shizong, the children of aristocratic families had been selected and Beijing had concentrated on participating in training and learning characters. In 1173 AD, the Jurchens established the Jinshi examination system and established some aristocratic schools. During the Jin Aizong period, the Jurchen small characters were passed down to Goryeo. Until the demise of the Jin Dynasty, the upper Jurchens living in the Northeast were still proficient in Jurchens. Among them, during the Ming Dynasty, special institutions were established to allow people to learn Jurchens to facilitate the translation of some important documents and classics. The actual use of the Little Merchants was about 446 years, and it was not until the mid-16th century that the Jianzhou Jurchens rose again, and Nurhaci made people to make Manchu scripts, and gradually stopped using Jurchens.

Judging from the fact that the Jurchens created texts, before entering the Central Plains, the Jurchens had been more or less influenced by the Han and Khitan ethnic cultures. After the Jurchens entered the Central Plains, this process of sinicization was greatly accelerated. In 1207 AD, during the reign of Jin Zhangzong, 3.6 million Jurchens moved to the Han areas to live. Such a large number of Jurchens moved to the Central Plains, which naturally provided an accelerator for the Jurchens' Chinese transformation. We once mentioned that at the beginning, the Liverjuns still retained three production and lifestyles: fishing, hunting, farming and animal husbandry, but after a large number of Jurchens migrated to the mainland, they naturally gradually focused on farming, which was getting closer and closer to the settlement life of the Han people. Another point is that so many Jurchens migrated to the mainland, and the rear of the northeast was empty. In fact, while a large number of Jurchens moved inward,

Many Han people were forced to be moved by the Jurchens to the birthplace of the Jurchens and their hometowns. Where is the main origin of the Jin people? This is clearly recorded in history books. The Jin people's birthplace is mainly Shangjing Road, which is the ancient land of the sea, which is the old nest of the Jin people. In 1122 AD, after the Liao Kingdom pacified the states in Shanxi, they moved the people there to Shangjing. The next year, they captured Yanjing and moved all the powerful and powerful craftsmen from all ethnic groups here to Shangjing. At the same time, they also moved the wealthy craftsmen in the Shangjing area to the mainland. In 1127 AD, more than 100,000 Han people in the Central Plains area were moved to the northeast. After arriving in the Northeast, most of these Han people were called slaves. Over time, these Han people were integrated into the Jurchens. Naturally, their advanced culture and technology influenced other ethnic minorities such as the Jurchens.

The color of the Chinese version of the Liao Dynasty was not obvious

�

�This is mainly

It's because they insist

Implement binary politics

�

�

The early years of the founding of the Jin Kingdom

�

� Also

Imitating the Liao Kingdom to implement the official system from the north and south

�

� Also

Two political systems are adopted at the same time

�

�

Large-scale girlish

Relocated

Move back

�

�The Kingdom of Jin

�

The first Chinese system to be implemented

Diversification

�

� Also

This accelerates the Chineseization

�

Degree

�

�

Jin Xizong period

The girl's

People are the first

Criticize the Chinese-made Jurchen

Integrity

Class strata

�

�

�Around 1135 to 1141 AD, the eighties and nine years

�

�It is known as the period of Jinxizong's restructuring

�

�

�

The content of the restructuring involves the central government system.

�

�

Local administrative system

�

�

Legal system

�

�

present

Systems and other companies

All aspects of

�

�

Female

Most of the old systems were scrapped

Excluding

�

� Institute

The Song people talk about the Jin Dynasty

Tell it all

Han people's regime

There is no difference in treatment.

�

�This is just the first in the comprehensive Chineseization of the Jin Dynasty

Step

�

�

After Xizong's restructuring

�
To be continued...