110 Say the situation
Ulitsky's assassination was like a bolt from the blue, alerting the Bolshevik senior officials who had been blinded by successive victories since November. Only then did they realize that the regime was not stable and that their enemies were trying to regain their lost power by various means.
I have to say that in a sense, the three shots Ulitzky was a perfect and good thing. It finally calmed down a group of overly excited people. Of course, the excitement of the Bolsheviks is understandable. This half month has been going well!
When the October Revolution broke out, the Social Revolutionary Party, the Cadet Democratic Party and the Mensheviks tried to counterattack, but their counterattack was really not strong. They were beaten to pieces by the Bolsheviks. In the imperial village, the noisy Liwof was wiped out by the Red Guards of the workers who came out of the city in minutes. He and Fatty Luo had to cut off their beards and abandon their robes and flee to the front-line base camp.
As for the Social Revolutionary Party, Kerensky's unexpected capture caused them to be in chaos. The leftists who supported the Bolsheviks and the rightists who opposed the Bolsheviks were fighting each other. For a while, they could not organize a decent counterattack.
The remaining Mensheviks, these people, were purely verbal tricks from the beginning, except for being powerful in verbal wars, and what they did. Facing the armed Bolsheviks, they had no effective resistance except for unpainful protests.
The politicians are no longer good. The only thing that can stop the Bolsheviks from "iron hoof" in Russia is the front-line base camp. To explain, the so-called front-line base camp is actually the General Staff of the Tsarist Empire in the Tsarist era. This institution is responsible for commanding all campaigns in various war zones, and is the actual brain of the Russian army.
After the victory of the February Revolution, the Tsarist Russian Empire had become history, but the front-line base was preserved because the provisional government wanted to continue to participate in the First World War. At this time, the chief of staff was Du Hening, who was just a regiment commander in the early stage of the war. Later, he was gradually promoted to the military commander of the Southwest War Zone Command.
In September 1917, when Kornilov's rebellion was wiped out, in order to expand his influence in the army, Kerensky took a fancy to the quarantine officer and promoted him to the Chief of Staff (a typical rocket cadre).
Therefore, Du Hening was not ordinary grateful to Kerensky. After he took office, he vigorously promoted the officers of the Social Revolutionary Party and the Mensheviks in the army. He controlled the so-called military committee in one fell swoop and implemented all orders of the Kerensky government without reservation.
After the victory of the October Revolution, when he learned of the capture of Korenzky, he immediately appointed himself as the Supreme Commander-in-Chief, refused to obey the orders of the Soviets of the Engineer Representatives, and attracted a large number of counter-revolutionaries. He turned the front base into a fortress of counter-revolution.
During that period, Du Hening seemed to be a new Kornilov. At home, he was unanimously praised by the Social Revolutionary Party, Mensheviks and the Cadets. Foreign Ministers of Britain, France and the United States had high hopes for him and directly refused to recognize the legitimacy of the Soviet regime, but instead declared it to the world. The Front Base Camp is the only legal regime in Russia. As the supreme commander of the Front Base Camp, Du Hening will receive full support from the Three Kingdoms.
It should be said that this situation was extremely unfavorable for Lenin and the rebirth of the People's Committee. The front-line base camp controlled all the troops of the northern front, western front, southwest front and Romanian front, and almost controlled 75% of Russia's armed forces. Especially the northern front and western fronts close to Petrograd and Moscow. The power of the base camp is even close, as if Du Hening waved his arm, the Bolsheviks could be wiped out.
Therefore, in order to change the unfavorable situation, Lenin focused all his energy on instigating the front-line army. It should be said that he did very effectively. On October 25, when the Petrograd Uprising was about to win, Lenin ordered the Petrograd Revolutionary Military Commission to telex the fronts and army committees to keep a close eye on the attitude of the commanders. He arrested all officers who dared to fight against the revolution, and publicized the situation of the revolution to the vast number of soldiers and explained the significance and nature of the revolution.
On the second day, after the People's Committee was established, it immediately issued a "Letter to the Frontline", calling on all armies to establish a temporary revolutionary military committee and order all commanders to obey the leadership of the committee.
At this time, the political commissar training class that Li Xiaofeng had suggested to Lenin to start played a key role. After accepting the appointment of the Soviets, the 298 political commissars rushed to the front line and acted as propagandists and mobilized. On the one hand, they promoted the significance of the revolution, and on the other hand, they also actively investigated and supervised the situation of the army, united the soldiers who supported the revolution, prevented the base camp from mobilizing troops to the two capitals, and broke Du Hening's blockade of the army.
With the active efforts of the political commissars, the soldiers on the northern and western fronts, which were originally inclined to revolution, began to turn around the company, battalion, regiment, and even the entire division. Especially after the official collapse of the Kerensky government, the political commissars actively mobilized and organized soldiers, reselected the old military committees at all levels, and cleaned up the Cadet Party, the Social Revolutionary Party and the Mensheviks one by one. They truly seized the leadership of the army and ruthlessly attacked the counter-revolutionary officers who attempted to suppress the revolution.
At the beginning, Du Hening, who was full of confidence, had never expected that the power of less than 300 people would collapse his northern front and western fronts, and he had prepared the plan to mobilize the troops from these two fronts to return to the capital to serve the king and went completely bankrupt as soon as it was put into effect.
Faced with this unfavorable situation, he was unwilling to wait for death, and launched a new counter-revolutionary action. He actively contacted the old, all-Russian engineer representative Soviet Central Executive Committee, controlled by the Social Revolutionary Party and the Mensheviks, and asked the group of lost guys to issue a statement, claiming that the Bolsheviks in Petrograd launched a riot, saying that the Bolsheviks attempted to act as the Germans and hit the front-line army behind!
While slandering and slandering the Bolsheviks, he also found the Chairman of the Army Committee (controlled by the Social Revolutionary Party and the Mensheviks) to Captain Leklestov (yes, it is indeed just a Captain!).
The two people jointly issued a telephone call, demanding that the Bolsheviks immediately stop "violence" and immediately give up the action of seizing power by force, and release Kerensky immediately. They must obey the provisional government unconditionally, and threaten: "If the Bolsheviks do not accept it, then he will use the power given to him by God. Use force to fight against the Bolsheviks until these devils are erased from the world!"
While making a statement, Du Hening ordered the seizure of all telegrams and letters sent by the Soviets on behalf of the Engineers to the front, and arrested all political commissaries and special commissioners appointed by the Soviets on behalf of the Engineers. He required the commanders of the army and the army to take action immediately to eliminate adverse effects and restore the morale of the army.
Wherever there is oppression, there is resistance. Du Hening attempted to solve the troubles caused by the Soviets of the Engineer Representatives. He naively thought that this order could eliminate all obstacles. But he did not expect that with the continuous deepening of the Russian Revolution, his orders would become nothing.
The northern front, from Riga to Devinsk, has three armies, namely the First, Fifth and Twelfth Army. The 12th Army is located on the right wing of the front line. It is closest to Petrograd and has the most important geographical location.
Before the outbreak of the Petrograd Uprising, the Bolshevik representatives of the 12th Army secretly established the Revolutionary Military Commission. After the outbreak of the Petrograd Uprising, the Commission immediately began to act. On October 26, the Commission issued a declaration: "It stated that its mission is to unify all military forces of the Army. So that no soldier in the Army would be sent to Petrograd to engage in shameful 'appeasement' work."
The committee soon led soldiers to blockade of major traffic arteries, bridges, control the arsenals, stations and army commands, and directly undermined the military leadership of the army command.
The decisive actions of the 12th Army brought a "bad" head to other armies on the Northern Front and Western Fronts. The First and Fifth Army and the Second, Third and Tenth Army affiliated to the Western Front also immediately launched effective actions, ensuring that Petrograd and Moscow would not be attacked by Du Hening.
According to a soldier of the 10th Army, when the news of the victory of the Petrograd uprising reached the western front, there was a jubilant scene everywhere in the trenches and barracks. All the comrades shouted "Hula" and immediately convened a full regiment meeting, unanimously passing a resolution to fully support the new regiment... The comrades of other regiments also responded, and they broke up with the division and regiment committee controlled by the compromise faction, elected the Bolshevik soldiers who represented the soldiers' wishes as soldiers' representatives, reorganized committees at all levels, and seized the leadership of the army...
Almost overnight, the Northern and Western fronts changed their masters. After the soldiers took action, the old officers were forced to accept their opinions. Otherwise, they would be removed from their posts at the least, and at the worst they would be regarded as counter-revolutionaries and shot directly.
So much so that some Social Revolutionary Party and Mensheviks began to say sarcastic words in anger: "Let the Bolsheviks say bluntly here, are they guaranteeing that they will reach an armistice agreement with the Germans tomorrow?!"
Faced with their provocation, the ordinary soldier replied with confidence: "Don't think that the Bolsheviks will give us peace that has emerged, bread and land, as simple as taking out cigarettes from their purses. No! Peace and land must be fought for with practical actions, and we must also act like the Bolsheviks!"
With the support and support of frontline soldiers, Du Hening's attempt went bankrupt completely. No soldier was willing to execute his orders, and most soldiers were even full of resentment towards him. This resentment would burst out violently when appropriate, allowing the chief of staff to suffer the consequences.
Starting from November 1, the armies on the front line held a general meeting of all soldiers, established a revolutionary military committee led by the Bolsheviks, removed the political commissar and special commissioners appointed by the Provisional Government, declared the "National Rescue Revolutionary Committee" a criminal organization for treason and counter-revolution, and announced the immediate removal of office and arrest of those who dared to carry out counter-revolutionary activities.
Du Hening, who had almost finished his journey, had no choice but to make his last efforts. On November 7, he used the name of the Executive Committee of the Military Commission to send a telegram to the entire army, demanding that all fronts and army committees represent the combat troops to initiate the establishment of a new regime and propose candidates for cabinet prime ministers. He personally proposed that Chernov, the right-wing extremist of the Social Revolutionary Party, act as a candidate.
This guy probably intended to establish a "legal" new regime to offset the authority of the Soviets of the Engineer Representatives. He thought that everything could be saved by using this kind of distortion of concepts. He even said that he had already agreed to a ceasefire and strive for peace in principle, in order to offset the huge impact of the Peace Act. For this reason, he also threw out the slogan that had been infamous in Petrograd - to organize a total of socialist governments.
This guy is actually not crazy, and he didn't think about it. Today's People's Committee is already a socialist government. Using this slogan to fight against the People's Committee is simply a humiliation.
In fact, it was indeed a shame for oneself. The soldiers on the front line had long experienced the tricks of the Cadets, the Social Revolutionary Party and the Mensheviks playing tricks on peace issues and would no longer believe their nonsense. What's more, the tutors were not vegetarians. When they saw that these guys were preparing to use tricks and attempt to make a cake to satisfy their hunger, they immediately took a trick to get rid of the firewood!
On November 8, the Soviets and the People's Committee issued a note to the Ambassador of the Group of Allies, proposing to immediately conduct armistice negotiations on various fronts and conclude a fair democratic contract. At the same time, an order was issued to Du Hening, requiring him to immediately propose to the enemy's military command organization after receiving this notice to stop military operations immediately in order to carry out peaceful negotiations.
Once this move was used, Du Hening's lies were exposed, making him embarrassed and not accepting this order. Then his false peace and reactionary face would be completely exposed. Naturally, no soldiers would brow him at that time; but, if you accept... OK. Let's say so, how could he accept it?
So Du Hening turned a blind eye to this order and was ready to remain silent and avoid facing it. But his little jiujiu had long seen through his mentor. Do you think you can get away with it by avoiding it? The drawings are broken!
On the night of the day, Lenin directly connected the base camp and asked to have a direct conversation with Du Hening. He waited until four o'clock the next morning. Du Hening refused to call under various excuses. At this time, the tutor was not polite. He ordered Du Hening to reply immediately and asked him to start negotiations on the armistice agreement immediately. At this time, Du Hening, who was unavoidable, had no choice but to refuse.
Lenin waited for Du Hening's refusal. On the spot, he announced the removal of Du Hening's post and immediately informed the front line of the news. He called on the soldiers to stand up and smash the counter-revolutionary conspiracy of the base camp, and appointed a new Supreme Commander-in-Chief - the Bolshevik officer Warrant Officer Krelenko (a complaint, this military rank is too low).
On November 10, Krelenko was escorted by a team of Red Guards and sailors and boarded a special train heading to the front. That evening, he arrived in Pskov and immediately asked the commander of the Northern Front, Chilemisov, to come for talks. The latter refused to go and was immediately removed from his post. On the 12th, Krelenko arrived in Devinsk, and the commander of the Fifth Army also refused to pay a visit and was also dismissed.
In this case, facing the approaching Krelenko, Du Hening seemed to remain optimistic and claimed to the outside world: "No matter whether I am the Supreme Commander or not, I will always oppose the thugs until the birth of a nationally recognized regime!"
In view of Du Hening's stubborn adherence to the counter-revolutionary stance and fighting the revolution, the All-Russian Engineer Representative Soviet Union and the People's Committee declared him a public enemy of the people. In order to completely eliminate Du Hening, the People's Committee formed a unit in Polotsk, the location of the Third Army, and prepared to attack Mogilev, the location of the base camp.
When the heads of the base camp heard that an army would come to attack them, the group of unsuccessful people were panicked and immediately began to clean up their fines and run away. Cossack, who had originally vowed to defend the base camp to the death, also once again turned against the battlefield, saying that he would remain neutral.
Suddenly, the scene was in chaos. The fleeing dignitaries and the angry soldiers who heard the news collided head-on, and the two sides fought... In the midst of the hustle and bustle, Du Hening, who knew he was finished, showed his final hysteria and released all the important political prisoners imprisoned in the base camp, including Kornilov, and Denikin. In the midst of the chaos, the pair of brothers escaped from the furious soldiers in a very embarrassed manner.
However, the initiator Du Hening was not so lucky. This brother had too obvious targets. He had not forgotten to take the special train when he ran away. As a result, he was intercepted by the sudden soldiers on the way. The angry soldiers rushed into the carriage one after another, breaking through the blockade of Du Hening's guards, dragging the pretentious Supreme Commander-in-Chief out of the carriage, and then beating to death.
In other words, on November 12, 1917, the noisy front-line base camp was declared to be lost. In Russia, there was no force that could stop the Bolsheviks from moving forward. In other words, under such a great situation, both Trotsky, Sverdlov and Stalin, including the mentor, were a little proud and relaxed.
Now, Ulitsky's sudden assassination was undoubtedly the best alarm, which made Lenin and his nerves tense again: "The enlarged meeting of the Central Committee was convened immediately. Comrade Ulitsky's assassination indicates that the enemy's new counterattack is beginning. We must be vigilant and be on guard!"
PS: Another month is about to pass... Bow and thank the Ma Shen Bobo, the King of the Cavalry, and the 33 million comrades!
Chapter completed!