493 Settlement
When the Eighth Route Army launched the general attack, Li Xiaofeng had already arrived in Moscow. If possible, he also hoped to stay in China and watch the motherland's people fire the first shot of the counterattack. However, the situation really does not allow it. There are still many more important tasks waiting for him in Moscow, such as the post-war aftermath is imminent.
War has never been an interesting game, nor is it simply a matter of shooting shells, bombs and bullets at the enemy. Let's put it this way, it's easy for the Soviet Red Army to push from Ukraine, Belarus, Romania and other places to Germany. But this cannot solve the fundamental problem. It is also easy to kill all the Nazis and their supporters, but it is quite difficult to maintain this large sphere of influence.
Tens of millions of mouths have to eat in this area, and millions of war refugees need to be placed in place. Is this simple? It is not simple at all. At least the Soviet Union has done a bad job in history. To put it bluntly, the Soviet Red Army was like a group of locusts, sweeping across the entire Central, Eastern and Southern Europe. Wherever they go, they are all deserted.
I don't believe it, uh, this is true. The Red Army was sometimes a bit far from the name of the great liberator. Going forward, the Red Army destroyed everything, and abused prisoners of war and civilians (the Axis powers must be unlucky). For example, the well-known strong female acts incident, the Red Army really did not only do such bad things when liberating Northeast China, but actually did it in Hungary, Romania, Czechoslovakia, and Germany. If there is data to be found, from 1945 to 1946, 150,000 to 200,000 "Russian dolls" were born in the German Soviet-occupied areas. This data does not include the data of miscarriage. It can be imagined how bad the Soviet army's discipline was at that time.
Of course, there is a reason for this. When the Red Army soldiers stumbled all the way to Germany, they saw a completely different world. Even at the end of the war, the Germans were still very prosperous (can't they prosper, a pure blood-sucking economy). At that time, Germany was still electrified everywhere, with no worries about food and clothing, and the shops were full of consumer goods. In the eyes of the Red Army soldiers, all this was a world of difference from their own hometown where they were twisted. The revenge soon occupied the hearts of the Red Army soldiers and made the Germans pay the price, enjoying their property and women as spoils. So with the acquiescent of the commander, the Soviet Red Army relaxed their discipline and launched wave after wave of revenge on the newly conquered Germany.
Even the actions of the Soviet Red Army were not a secret at the time. Tito's close comrade-in-arms, the firm man Milovan Degeras, personally responded to this question to Comrade Steel. How did Comrade Steel answer? He said: "As a writer, does not know what human suffering and hearts are? Can't he understand that the soldiers played or did a little thing after experiencing blood, fire and death threats?"
It is obvious that the supreme leader does not take it seriously. He probably also enjoys this pleasure of conquest and revenge. Of course, we can understand this pleasure of being too tit for tooth for eye. If China can conquer Japan, if this same thing happens, many people will probably say long live the mountain. But from a political perspective, this is really short-sighted.
Why did the Soviet Union not be popular in Central and Eastern Europe after the war? This bad behavior definitely accounted for the majority. After all, for the people in Central and Eastern Europe, they were also one of the victims. It is this virtue to look forward to the liberator who is waiting for the stars and the moon to welcome. Who would be comfortable?
Of course, this problem has been basically eliminated by Li Xiaofeng. The Political Department of the Red Army has zero tolerance for the behavior of women who wantonly plundering spoils and plunder. It found that one shot and the other was killed, and used high-pressure policies to kill this unhealthy trend.
However, the challenges and problems the Red Army faced were not just this one, not only the food and shelter issues mentioned earlier, but also large-scale infectious diseases. There may be very few comrades who know this. Let’s just talk about it briefly. In 1945, a third of the population in the Greek port city of Piraeus suffered from trachoma because of its lack of vitamins. Of course, trachoma cannot kill life, but the situation in Berlin is much worse. In July 1945, a large area of dysentery broke out because of the destruction of the city’s water supply system and the daily supply was all sewage. This led to the mortality rate of neonatal babies in Berlin as high as 66%.
Not only Berlin, but the entire Germany is shrouded in a cloud. Robert Murphy, a US political adviser in Germany, reported in October of that year: "On average, 10 people die from exhaustion, malnutrition and infectious diseases every day in the British-occupied area of Berlin. There were 10 cases of typhoid fever and 2,193 cases of diphtheria in one month."
Other countries are not much better than Germany, and in Warsaw, one in five people suffer from tuberculosis. Czechoslovak authorities say half of the 700,000 children in need of assistance have been infected with various infectious diseases.
Let me put it this way, nearly one-fifth of the people in Europe were struggling with illness, one-fifth of them were driven by, and about three-fifths of the population were struggling on the food and clothing line, about half of them were hungry.
In order to solve the most basic food and clothing problem in Europe and resettle refugees, the General Administration of Aftermath Relief spent a total of US$10 billion in the two years from June 1945 to June 1947. In history, almost all of this money was paid by the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom (even if the Soviet Union wanted to pay it, it would be thankful that it would not be possible to get it home if it didn't snatch things).
This is just a matter of people. There are more questions such as the repair of infrastructure, which are also very important. Some comrades may say that it is nothing to build roads later. But I really can't say that because transportation restricts material flow. Even if there is enough materials to help those poor refugees, what's the point of transporting them?
How heavy is the infrastructure damage? France had 12,000 locomotives before the war, and when Germany surrendered, only 2,800 could barely be used. A large number of roads, rails, and bridges were blown up, and 40,000 miles of railways were lost in the Soviet Union's history, two-thirds of the roads in Europe were damaged, 60% of the roads in Yugoslavia, 75% of the railways in the country, and 20% of the houses were destroyed. 75% of the standard railways in Poland were completely destroyed.
Look, this is an absolute mess. To solve the legacy of European post-war problems, it requires not only great wisdom, but also strong economic strength. For example, a rich man like the US can barely do it.
But there is a problem with this. If the US imperialists become the savior of Europe, then the Soviet Union will be a big deal? As the saying goes, people are short-lived and people are short-lived. This is a hungry man in Europe, including food and accommodation, house construction, road construction and production recovery, and the favors that owed are really great!
The US imperial is really not an internationalist fighter. He has given such a great favor, so he must find a way to take it back. He will naturally allow you to be the Soviet Union to be a master in Central and Eastern Europe. So it is obvious that once Central and Eastern Europe receive the assistance from the US imperialists, they are likely to become the US imperialist brothers in the future. Then isn’t the Soviet Union’s battle in World War II a waste?
Li Xiaofeng certainly would not allow this situation to happen. So is there any good way for the Soviet Union to solve this problem? I'm afraid it's difficult. The reason is that the Soviet Union does not have that much money and cannot pay as much as the US imperialists. Even if the losses of the Soviet Union in this time and space have been reduced a lot, this still does not mean that the Soviet Union is a local tyrant and can spend a lot of money. So simply put, more money than the Soviet Union is definitely a loss.
Or just like the Soviet Union in history, they used high-pressure policies and the soldiers to directly guard Central Europe and Eastern Europe, and used iron-fisted policies to force Central Europe and Eastern Europe to surrender to their own tyranny. This is still not a good choice. As the saying goes, oppression means resistance. If this is the same as losing character in Central Europe and Eastern Europe, it would be fine if the Soviet Union could continue to be so strong forever. Once there is a mistake, these goods will rebound wildly, and the final situation will be even worse.
So this strategy cannot be used either. This is not possible, that is not possible, what can I do? To be honest, Li Xiaofeng doesn't know, at least when facing this problem, he has no particularly good idea. Regardless of this, he is unwilling to be a good person to give it to Americans or British people, but if he insists on eating it, the fragile stomach of the Soviet Union can't digest it.
What to do?
After thinking hard, Li Xiaofeng found a solution that was not a solution, that is, he had to hold the big stick tightly but also give sweet dates. If the family cannot eat it alone, they might as well eat it.
First of all, Central and Eastern Europe must be well controlled. Whether it is a garrison or a series of treaties, it is very necessary to tie these countries to the Soviet chariot. This is to hold the stick tightly.
Secondly, of course, sweet dates should be given. The Soviet Union was not as rich as the American imperialists and could not help poverty alleviation, but this does not mean that the Soviet Union would not pay a penny. No matter how much loans or aid it is, it still needs to be given, especially food and medicine, which is a good tool for improving character. You can give less money, and you have to give enough of these two things.
Fortunately, Li Xiaofeng had made preparations in these two aspects before. Not to mention letting refugees in Central and Eastern Europe eat and drink enough, but it is still possible to ensure that they do not starve every day.
The last and most critical question is to divide the cake. Does the US want to enter Central and Eastern Europe? It must be thought of it, but they have no chance for the time being. This area will be 100% occupied by the Soviet Red Army. It is too difficult for them to intervene. They can only look at it with a glimpse.
If the Soviet Union had taken over the big things like history, then the US imperialists would have no drama at all. However, Li Xiaofeng believed that this kind of approach was too low and the Soviet Union could not eat it. It might as well give some parts of this cake to the US imperialists, so that the US imperial capital would revitalize the Central and Eastern Europe, and then the Soviet Union would spend money on the ground. This seemed to be a good way to kill two birds with one stone.
How to do it specifically? First of all, we must naturally build a "dictatorial" regime in Central and Eastern Europe. Only by supporting these little brothers can we control this territory. This step is quite simple. The Soviet Union has done a lot of success in history, so we don't talk nonsense.
The second step is naturally to nationalize all the large groups and factories, and to completely destroy the big bourgeoisie in these countries. This step is very necessary and not difficult to do. Anyway, these countries have done this in history. They have completely eradicated all the bourgeoisie, taken all means of production to public ownership, and then embarked on the path of socialism.
Of course, this is historically, and it is not enough to do this now. The reason is very simple. The markets in these countries have been almost destroyed, commodity circulation has stagnated, and national credit has collapsed completely. Let's put it this way, their own currency has basically lost its credit value and can no longer allow the economy to flow.
This question is quite deadly. Why is Europe so miserable after the war? The main root is here. Without the credit of the country, the people naturally don’t buy it. Farmers refuse to sell food, and workers don’t want money like waste paper (because they can’t buy things). The circulation of goods instantly returns to the stage of barter. How do you live this life?
This is still at home and in international trade, these countries also face huge difficulties, because economic liquidity is almost stagnant, and the country's fiscal revenue has dropped sharply. When workers refuse to start work, industry and commerce refuse to open markets, and farmers hold on to the grain in their hands. How to trade in the international market? How to purchase necessary means of production and living materials?
The more stagnant the pool, the less there is a way out. When international credit collapses, there is really only one way out.
Back then, the Soviet Union, Central and Eastern Europe used coercive means to solve the problem, and simply replaced the most critical equivalent currency with the planned economy. Administrative means to make the stagnant economy reactivate. However, this is a problem. It is like a person's cardiopulmonary failure, which does not fundamentally resuscitate the cardiopulmonary function, but installs a ventilator to hold his life. Installing a ventilator can only control it for a while, but it will not be able to control it for a lifetime. There will always be a day when the tube is pulled out!
Li Xiaofeng does not want to take such a life-threatening method to survive, which does not have much meaning. The correct way is to reply to the heart and lung functions of Central and Eastern European countries, make this cake bigger, and then have one meal per meal.
To do this, the first thing to bear is to reply to the credit of the country, that is, to restore the basic function of its currency, so that the people can buy things in their hands, rather than hoarding materials and cherishing them because of panic. Obviously, to do this, you need to give blood transfusions to these countries and provide them with loan support.
The United States with such financial strength in the world is the first to recommend the United States. However, how to make Americans willingly pay without hindering the interests of the Soviet Union, the knowledge here is too great. Li Xiaofeng believes that it can only be used to lure them for profit. Americans liked the Central and Eastern European markets. I thought that the reform and opening up of the Communist Party of China and the Eastern European markets were just to trade markets for investment. It was difficult to find a unique approach, but it was easier to draw a picture.
Think about it, the country has been nationalized before, and the country is the dominant one, but the lack of credit cannot allow these assets to operate healthily. If the credit support of the United States is supported, the people should be able to restore confidence so that the economy can continue to roll.
Li Xiaofeng means that these nationalized assets attract the United States to enter through joint ventures and bring in American funds. Once the economy is revitalized, the pool of stagnant water above will naturally become living water.
Of course, there is also a problem with this, because the US imperialist bullies are really imperialist bullies, not internationalist Lei Fengs. It is easy to bring them in, but these bullies must exert influence after making money, and must gain greater power. They must find ways to subvert the framework of this joint venture. After all, no joint venture can be the only one.
This requires vigilance against peaceful evolution, and unfortunately, this vote in Central and Eastern Europe is really not strong in controlling the country, especially after the end of World War II, which is particularly weak, and if it is not done well, it will turn the tables.
Therefore, this kind of joint venture cannot be two but three, and the Soviet Union must intervene. Among them, Central and Eastern European countries account for one third, the United States accounts for one third, and the Soviet Union accounts for one third, and no one can dominate the shares. Only the game of cooperation can continue, and it is impossible for any single family to cause trouble.
This way of sharing shares guarantees the common interests of the three parties. Americans have been given the stepping stone to open the Central and Eastern European markets. Central and Eastern European countries have received valuable funds to restart the country. The Soviet Union not only ditched the burden, but also invested in a future that can slowly distribute dividends. This is better than simply violently moving the family that has been plundered by the Nazis back home to be worth and preserved, right?
Some comrades may ask, what did the Soviet Union invest in? You can’t make money for nothing, right? Central and Eastern European countries have paid national assets, while the US has paid real money, and what did you Russian polar bears have paid?
The accounts are not settled like this. As the liberator, the Soviet Red Army drove the Nazis away all the way. This was a huge economic price, right? If you discount this, you can make you lose your pants in Central and Eastern Europe. In addition, you should not really treat yourself as a victim in Central and Eastern European countries. Except for Czechoslovakia, you were really beaten by the Nazis and forced to board the ship. What about Hungary, Austria, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, and Romania. You have joined the Axis powers openly and declared war on the Soviet Union.
I really thought that seeing the Nazi pills quickly pull out of the mud and rinse them with water, it would be washed clean. It was not that simple. Should this war compensation be calculated carefully?
Even if the Soviet Union is not a big talk, even if Germany and Italy want to take the lead, you guys want to spare the intention? Where is that cheap thing? Either give money or shareholding, the thing is that simple! (To be continued.)
Chapter completed!