99 International situation
Why did Trotsky think that it is good to let Wufengjievich? This is entirely due to the principle of taking the minority of the two evils. Anyway, Lao Tuo also saw that the position of the municipal party secretary would not fall into his hands anyway, so how to minimize the threat is what he needs to consider. ≥
In the eyes of people at that time, the two candidates proposed by Stalin were more reliable than Wufengjievich, especially Swanize, who had to be capable, experienced and experienced. After so many years of experience, he was well versed in politics. If Swanize came to power, Yuefei would never have good results.
Trotsky also thought so, so between Swanize and Wufengyevic, he decisively chose the latter, probably because Lao Tor believed that Wufengyevic was better to deal with. Trotsky's choice made Li Xiaofeng's close assistant Yakov stunned, because when Li Xiaofeng proposed to let Wufengyevic compete for the position of Secretary of the Leningrad Municipal Party Committee, he was not optimistic about Wufengyevic at all, thinking that he had no hope.
When the final result came out, Yakov had to sigh: "Andre Petrovic is a man who can create miracles. When everyone was not optimistic about Fogfengjevic, only he thought Fogfengjevic could laugh at the end. The facts proved that his prediction was correct, but what surprised me even more was that Andre Petrovic told me from the beginning: 'Trotsky's choice is only Fogfengjevic.' This statement is completely correct and indirectly proves that he completely saw through Trotsky and Stalin and completely understood these two people!"
Of course, Yakov not only said this at that time, but also had some things he didn't say clearly. Because in his opinion, Trotsky made a rather stupid choice: "According to my understanding of Wufengjevic, this kid was born to be an official, and he was clear about the political matters, and was influenced by Andre Petrovic over the years, which not only broadened his horizons. I believe this kid would make a big splash!"
Later, as Yakov said, Wufengyevic was amazing. However, at that time, Li Xiaofeng needed to consider not only Wufengyevic, but also Rokosovsky, Cuikov, Meletskov, Malinovsky and Tolbuxin. To be honest, Li Xiaofeng has attracted a group of outstanding military talents in the future in the army over the years. However, he has attracted too many outstanding talents, and inevitably there are some insufficient resources on hand.
What resources are not enough? Of course, there is not enough promotion channels. The more you climb up the army, the harder it is to climb. For example, from the level of school officials to major generals, 90% of the officers can be stuck. And the competition faced by every step up is extremely fierce.
Before, Li Xiaofeng focused on Rokosovsky. After all, this person who has been with him for the longest time and has the greatest achievements in the future. It is really unreasonable not to focus on training. After ousting Tukhachevsky, Li Xiaofeng made Rokosovsky the commander of the First Guards, who was also called the First Mechanized Infantry Army of the Mechanized Infantry Army at that time. He gained experience in the Japanese Kwantung Army.
Because of his outstanding military achievements, Rokosovsky was soon promoted to Lieutenant General. Especially after the Battle of Haraha, the First Mechanized Infantry Army made major adjustments and successfully added the title of guard, which made Rokosovsky's resume look good. At the end of 1937, Li Xiaofeng arranged it to allow Rokosovsky to enter the senior commander training class of the Fulongzhi Military Academy for further studies. If nothing unexpected happens, in 1939, Li Xiaofeng could get him promoted to general and find him a commander position in a certain army.
In addition, at the end of 1937, the ranks of some senior commanders were adjusted, and Li Xiaofeng was successfully promoted to general because he was in charge of the General Political Department. At the same time, Triandafilov was also promoted to general, while Ubolevic and Voroshilov were promoted to new group of Soviet marshals. Kuznetsov, who performed well in the Spanish Civil War, was also promoted to lieutenant general. It is worth mentioning that the familiar bearded Sukhoi, who performed well in the airline team of aiding China, was promoted to general.
In this wave of military rank adjustments, Trotsky was the one who was most injured. His leaders at the highest level of the army were not promoted without exception. Even Tukhachevsky, Khalepsky and Gamarnik performed well in Spain, but who made them withdraw from active service?
Of course, not only Li Xiaofeng was gaining, but Stalin also gained a lot. Temuxinge was successfully promoted to general and took over the Kiev Military Region. Zhukov was promoted to lieutenant general and took over the position of commander of the First Cavalry Army. The King of Tarizin Artillery Kulik became the artillery director and promoted to general. It is worth mentioning that Huasilevsky, whose brother began to emerge and was promoted to major general, and served as director of the Training Department in the Army Operations Department of the General Staff.
In addition to these people, some relatively neutral officers have been promoted for the time being, such as Shaposhnikov, who was promoted to general and commander of the Leningrad Military Region, and the aforementioned Konev, who was promoted to lieutenant general and transferred to commander of a certain infantry army.
A series of dazzling changes indicate that the future struggle in the army will be more intense, but in the sense of progress, a large number of outstanding commanders later began to replace the old antiques in the October Revolution, and they could play a greater role in future wars.
In this series of changes, Li Xiaofeng spent a lot of effort on his young men, such as the formerly unknown Malinovsky and Tolbuhin. Compared with Cuikov and Meletskov, they had been at the level below the division, and at best they were deputy division-level cadres. And they did not catch up with the Halaha River to gain experience. When the Spanish Civil War broke out, these two people studied at the Fulongzhi Military Academy, which was really unlucky. It was very difficult to promote them.
Anyway, Li Xiaofeng took a lot of effort and sold a lot of favors to stuff these two into the First Guard Mechanized Army. One was the commander of the First Guard Tank Division (Torbuhin), and the other was the chief of staff for the new commander Meletskov. As long as he seized the opportunity in the future, there were opportunities to perform.
The only thing that disappointed Li Xiaofeng was that he was unsuccessful in winning over Huasilevsky. The young general who came from the First Riding Series chose to follow his old bosses Budonnie and Voroshilov. He seemed disdainful of the olive branch of a certain immortal.
However, Li Xiaofeng was not too disappointed. Anyway, the great men of the same level as Huasilevsky were already Rokosovsky, Malinovsky and Tolbuhin, and Cui Kov, who was both literary and military. With more powerful people, he would not care about the mere one Huasilevsky. Moreover, in Li Xiaofeng's opinion, Huasilevsky was a bit exaggerated. Whether it was to recover Crimea or capture Konisburg, he performed very ordinary. He could still fight like that with an absolute advantage. I am really sorry for his reputation.
Anyway, Li Xiaofeng was not too frustrated with the failure to recruit Huasilevsky, and soon forgot about this matter, because with the annihilation of the German volunteers, Spain once again became the focus of the Politburo.
The final annihilation war lasted for nearly a week, and the German resistance exceeded Tukhachevsky's estimate. In the end, both sides would fight for almost every inch of land repeatedly. It can be said that there would be a huge price to pay without further progress. If the Red Army had no support from the naval heavy artillery, it would probably be difficult to take down this hard bone.
The situation was very urgent at the end of this annihilation battle, because Khalepsky, who was blocking the National Army in the north, could not hold on. He used the strength of two brigades to support him for five days, and finally, under the repeated attacks of Franco's death, the defense line was declared lost. When the annihilation of the German Volunteer Army was finally completed, the National Army was actually only five kilometers away from the encirclement of the International Column!
It was precisely because of Franco's sudden arrival that Tukhachevsky had not had time to clear the battlefield and entered a new round of battle, which indirectly led to some Germans in the encirclement escape. The most famous one was the later blitzer Guderian, the seriously injured commander of the German Volunteer Army, carried out the encirclement by a stretcher by the adjutant and the orderly officer, and escaped by chance.
Tukhachevsky later regretted this matter, especially when Guderian easily solved Poland and France with blitzkrieg, and quickly defeated East Poland and entered Ukraine and Belarus in the early stage of the Patriotic War, causing considerable damage to the Red Army. Tukhachevsky regretted it more and more, and said to the people around him more than once: "If I could destroy Guderian in Spain, our Red Army soldiers would have sacrificed even less and were too careless!"
However, at that time, Guderian was not so famous, and Tukhachevsky didn't know which onion his opponent was. At that time, Tukhachevsky was quite satisfied with the ability to annihilate the German volunteer army. At that time, he thought: "The overall situation in Spain has been decided!"
Objectively speaking, Tukhachevsky's judgment was correct. Without the German Volunteer Army, the National Army was completely unfair. In the subsequent battle, the National Army was defeated. At the end of May, Franco hurriedly evacuated Cadiz with his remnants under the cover of the German and Italian navies and fled to Spanish Morocco opposite the strait. His defeat meant that the Spanish civil war that lasted for more than two years had finally come to an end, and the People's Front won the victory.
However, it must also be seen that this victory is imperfect, because the Popular Front has only recovered the Spanish mainland, while Spanish Morocco and the Baliarie Islands are still under Franco's control.
It must also be seen that at the end of the civil war, the performance of the People's Front was very clumsy. If it were not for the international column, the result would be really hard to say. It was precisely because the People's Front was not very strong that the political situation in Spain did not fundamentally improve. The remnants of the Long Spike Party continued to engage in secret sabotage activities, and the anarchists began to leave the People's Front and kept making trouble for the Madrid central government for the so-called complete freedom. At the same time, the Catalans' call for independence became increasingly strong, and they once fought with Madrid.
Anyway, the situation in Spain is still a word - chaos. The Madrid central government, which lacks control and courage, is as tired as fighting as a gopher. After struggling to support it for more than a year, it declared its collapse.
Of course, there is another very critical reason for the fall of Madrid's central government, that is, the deterioration of relations with the Soviet Union. This trend had already emerged at the end of the civil war, and it became more obvious after the end. Madrid toughly demanded that the international columns must evacuate all of Spain before October 1938, and were still constantly quarrel with the Soviet Union on military expenses.
Madrid asked the Soviet Union to exempt most of their war debts and also "repay" the treasury gold sent to Moscow before. This seemed to be absolutely unacceptable to the Soviet Union. It was said clearly before. Except for a piece of arms and materials, most of the others need to be paid by the Spanish government. Just the little treasury gold in Spain is already insolvent. Not to mention returning it to you, you have to make up for the difference, okay?
Anyway, on the issue of money, the two sides had a very unhappy quarrel, which led to the Soviet Union finally tearing up the post-war economic aid plan with the People's Front. Not only did there be no more aid, but the Soviet Union also said strongly that Spain had to pay the bills during the civil war. There was no room for negotiation. After a while, both sides completely tore their faces, even Luxembourg, Liebknesi and Dimitrov had no effect on mediating from it.
This also directly led to the confusion and turmoil in the next twenty years. To put it unpleasantly, if it weren't for the sudden outbreak of World War II in 1939, which caused the eyes of Germany, Italy, Britain and France to shift from Spain, otherwise these funny people would have been even more miserable.
Anyway, when World War II was over, and when another Spanish cabinet came to power to restore its relations with the Soviet Union, the Spanish adviser returned to Spain's land and helped this cabinet pacify the "separatist forces", he was surprised to find that the country's economy had retreated for at least fifty years. In the words of Kuznetsov, who returned to Spain again, said: "Populism is really a killing person!"
After talking about the funny Spanish people, let us continue to return to the international stage. Although Germany and Italy were strongly resisted by the Soviet Union in Spain, they did not succeed in history. However, in other aspects, especially in the appeasement policy of Britain and France, they achieved unprecedented success. On March 11, 1938, under the indulgence of Britain and France, the Nazis easily completed the so-called "unification" between Germany and Austria. Then they continued to put pressure on the Sudeten issue, preparing to dismember and annex Czechoslovakia.
To be honest, Britain and France had to show their true regret for their international leader at this stage. When they annexed Austria, the British only protested twice. The French were better and pretended not to see it. Instead, the Soviet Union had been strongly opposing the Nazi atrocities and shouting internationally more than once: "The League of Nations must come up with effective means and mistakes to protect those who were trembling under the iron hooves of the Nazis!"
It would be fine if Britain and France did not listen to the Soviet Union's shouting, but instead they were sarcastic and even blamed the Soviet Union for being troublesome. If not unexpected, these grandsons would soon sell Czechoslovko and force Czechoslovakia to ced the Sudetenland region.
If you want to make a splash, on the issue of Czechoslovakia, a clown who later emphasized that he was a victim of the Nazis and World War II was also jumping up and down. It was Poland. When the Germans annexed Czechoslovakia, the Poles also cut a knife on the body of Czechoslovakia. These foot cloths had never figured out their position, and they were naively thinking that their status in Britain and France was completely different from that in Czechoslovakia.
But I would never have imagined that Czechoslovakia fell in March 1939, and half a year later, it was their turn. It can be seen that people are doing things and watching, and you will have to pay the price sooner or later.
Since the Nazi annexed Austria in March 1938, a series of quarrels broke out between the Politburo on the future direction of the international situation. It was not a dispute over the line. After Austria was annexed, even Stalin admitted that Hitler's ambitions were beyond imagination, and the indulgence of Britain and France could easily make Hitler take risks.
The two sides have no disputes about preventing Germany, but how to prevent it is controversial. Trotsky's opinion is more direct and tougher, and he demanded that Eastern and Central European countries, including Czechoslovakia, should be immediately jointly put pressure on the Nazis and use tough means to push them back.
Stalin firmly opposed this approach. He believed that even if Eastern Europe and Central Europe International, including Czechoslovakia, were united, would not be of much weight internationally and would not be enough to deal with Germany with its highly inflated ambitions. Moreover, this country is a hardcore brother of Britain and France, and naturally would not be the same as the Soviet Union. This kind of half-hearted alliance is completely useless!
Stalin believed that the only one who could curb the Nazi ambitions was the Soviet Union, but the Soviet Union had not yet made the corresponding preparations. What needs to be done now is to gain more time, preferably temporarily paralyzing the Nazis and preventing the despicable means of Britain and France from leading to disasters. Stalin demanded that the relations with Germany and Italy should be temporarily improved in the near future, and it is best to sign a non-aggression treaty.
To be honest, Stalin's opinion has some truth. Historically, the small country in Central and Eastern Europe is really useless and cannot be reliable at all. For example, Czechoslovakia only knows to blindly trust Britain and France, and has never thought that it would control its destiny. If it is annexed, it will be hateful.
The Soviet Union could only rely on its own strength to fight against the Nazi ambitions, and it was correct to fight for the necessary time. Through discussion, the Politburo also affirmed Stalin's opinion. At this moment, an incident happened... (To be continued, please search for Astronomy, novels are better and faster!
ps: Bow and thank cjsky, Fatty Fei Ai Fei, agz00025, hzwangdd and comrade Juventus!
Chapter completed!