Sailing 8,000 nautical miles on the 18th Festival was not an easy task in that era. Even the Royal Navy did not have ships of the same type. So why did the Russians insist on such a great endurance?

In fact, not all Russians have such requirements. Except for Li Xiaofeng, most Russians like large torpedo boats with super fast speeds. Even the Red Navy's pursuit of speed was a bit obsessed with, and the speed requirements of thirty-seven or eight knots or even forty knots were required, which caused great trouble to the design of the ship.

After all, if you want to be fast, you have to make concessions in other aspects of the performance of the ship. Moreover, the Russians like to build up military equipment. In the end, the ship is either super important or pays a heavy price in overall performance, such as living and comfort.

As a veteran, Li Xiaofeng knew very well that speed has been no longer the most important performance indicator of ships since World War II, and with the development of technology, the speed requirement is getting lower and lower. Giving up comprehensive personality abilities in order to pursue speed is a brainless person.

Therefore, for the so-called large ocean-going patrol ship, Li Xiaofeng's first line was stuck in the speed requirement and did not require him to undertake lightning strike missions. Even if he was equipped with torpedo launchers later, he was completely out of line with the powerful lightning strike capabilities required by the Red Navy at the beginning.

Instead, sacrifice speed for large endurance, especially optimized living and living conditions. The large ocean patrol ship, which was later called the Type 36 frigate, introduced a lot of humanized facilities, such as dryers, cold storages, and optimized living conditions. Even without supplies, the ship can perform a month's mission at sea!

Why did Li Xiaofeng emphasize high endurance? It was not caused by the long coastline of the Soviet Union. Especially in the Pacific direction. The Pacific fleet is weak and the coastline is extremely long, which urgently requires large endurance. Moreover, the Soviet fleets were almost completely divided and lacked overseas bases. To protect maritime rights and interests, it requires large endurance.

So how is this large endurance guaranteed? Why do Britain and France, which also have extensive maritime interests, not build ships with similar technical performance?

There is only one reason. If the configuration of a mature high-pressure oil-fuel boiler and steam turbine was adopted at that time, even if Americans use telex, such a large endurance cannot be guaranteed. The fundamental reason for the large endurance of the 36 frigate is the diesel engine!

After the end of World War I, at the strong request of Li Xiaofeng, the Soviet government introduced a full set of German diesel engine technology and made large-scale investments in peacetime. Finally, in 1933, the 18-cylinder high-speed diesel engine with a maximum power of 5,000 horsepower was basically completed. The code name is 18v5,000.

The 36a model with a normal displacement of 800 tons is equipped with two simple models of 3500 horsepower (14v3500). The 36b model has a larger displacement, and is equipped with the authentic 18v5000.

With the help of diesel engines, the endurance of the Type 36 frigate has been greatly improved. According to comparative research at the time, if the Type 36 frigate is equipped with a steam turbine, its endurance will fall to the level of 5,000 nautical miles in 18 knots.

Of course, the benefits of choosing a diesel engine are not only that it has better fuel economy and greater endurance. More importantly, the Soviet Union's high-temperature and high-pressure boiler technology was not up to standard at that time. The advanced boilers introduced from Babcock & Wilcox were still under technical research and did not produce energy. In addition, the steam turbines introduced from General Electric also faced the trouble of high technical requirements and limited production capacity. These advanced turbines can only ensure the production of Type 33 destroyers and Type 35 heavy cruisers.

Moreover, using these expensive turbines does not meet the key indicators of cheap price of Type 36 frigates. In order to reduce the cost, Type 36 frigates not only reduced the technical indicators, but also castrated the corresponding fire control and communications. Some structural materials adopt civil standards, and even a considerable number of the weapons they equipped were in stock during the Tsarist Russian period.

For example, the 36a model 76mm high-level dual-purpose gun was actually only equipped after 1938. Previously, the 1911 102mm guns used in stock to change the gun stand to make do. Not only did the 36a choose to make do, but the 36b is also making do do. The 130mm naval guns it equipped were also used in the Tsarist Russian era (pattern1913).

Not only cannons, but also torpedo equipment were also removed from the old ship. In any case, in addition to the performance of the 36 frigate, the rest of the other parts, especially the early type of military equipment, are really good enough to be able to do it.

Of course, this will be reasonable, because as a patrol ship, the Type 36 frigate does not require too strong military equipment, and it is enough to cope with ordinary low-intensity maritime conflicts. Of course, the highlight of the Type 36 frigate is not only its endurance. For example, the reason why the displacement of the Type 36b is that the task she shoulders is not only ocean patrol, but also anti-submarine mission.

The 36b model is equipped with a complete set of anti-submarine equipment, including ship shell sonar and anti-submarine deep bombs. Its sonar equipment is Nokia's flagship product and was considered advanced in that era. As for anti-submarine deep bombs, not only have deep-water bomb dropping orbits at the stern, but also two 12-tube anti-submarine rocket launchers are also equipped in the head of the ship. The anti-submarine ability was very powerful in that era.

Moreover, because the Type 36 frigate uses diesel engines, the rapid dispatching capacity is much faster than that of ships using steam turbines, and can be dispatched in just over a dozen minutes. It takes an hour for ships using steam turbines to burn the boiler to supplying enough steam!

Of course, Xiao He succeeded and failed. Xiao He had a lot of diesel engines, but for anti-submarine ships, the noise generated by the diesel engine itself has certain interference with the sonar equipment, especially when the diesel engine is running at a high speed, the interference is even more serious.

From the actual use of the 36b model, once the speed exceeds 20 knots, the sonar equipment is basically unavailable. In order to improve this problem, the later developed 36c and 36d models were equipped with a shock absorbing base for the diesel engine and optimized the performance of the diesel engine. This ensures the normal use of the sonar equipment during high-speed navigation.

Since 1934, the 36 frigates have been built in batches in the four major Red Navy fleets. The Leningrad Red Flag Shipyard in the Baltic Sea received orders for two 36a and two 36b ships. The Nikolayev Shipyard on the coast of the Black Sea has more orders, and at the same time received orders for four 36a and four 36b ships (the Black Sea Fleet is seriously aging and needs to be updated urgently). Even the newly built Amur Shipyard in Gongqingcheng, the Far East, also launched two 36a ships.

This was just an order in 1934. In 1935, more Type 36 frigates were ordered, and even in 1936. After the first batch of 36a was completed and put into service, because the troops responded very well, Type 36 frigates began to set dumplings for a long time.

Before the outbreak of World War II, the 36a type produced a total of 64 pieces, ensuring that the four major fleets had sufficient base defense and patrol strength. Due to the impact of the Spanish Civil War, the urgent need for ocean escort and patrol tasks, 36b, which had a larger displacement and better residential capacity, also produced 20 pieces. If it were not for the sudden outbreak of World War II, the army's equipment priority was increased and the orders for the 36 frigate were cut by half. Otherwise, the production of more than 200 pieces in the entire 36 series would be the same as playing.

In fact, after the Politburo decided to intervene in the Spanish Civil War, the Type 36 frigate immediately came in handy. Two 36a and two 36b, who had just served in the Baltic Fleet and the Northern Fleet, arrived in Bilbao with four cargo ships, and immediately carried out patrols and escort operations outside Santander and Bilbao.

At the same time, all four 36a and 36b of the Black Sea Fleet were dispatched. With the cooperation of some main cruisers, they continuously escorted Soviet freighters to Malaga.

It is precisely because of the Type 36 frigate that the Red Navy, which lacks overseas bases, can maintain maritime power in the Spanish waters. The Type 36 frigate has even aroused the interest of the US Navy and the Royal Navy because of its excellent performance. After the outbreak of World War II, the British, who were once again strangled by Germany's unlimited submarine warfare, submitted a first-time naval order to Russia, and purchased a large number of improved 36b frigates. The Americans simply chose to copy it, replaced Soviet goods with American products and then mass-produced it on a large scale.

Even after the end of World War II, during the Cold War, the Type 36 frigate was supported by a large number of support to the Warsaw Pact countries, and the entire Type 36 frigate family was flourishing and prosperous.

Of course, these are later stories. For the Soviet Politburo at that time, since it was inevitable that it would be a mess in Spain, how to ensure that the revolutionary output was successful was a key issue. To be honest, it was not easy to succeed, because the Soviet Union was not strong enough, and Spain was too far from the Soviet Union.

For example, Trotsky sighed at the special meeting of the Politburo: "Comrade Andre should be praised for his foresight. In the 1920s and 1930s, when most of our comrades here opposed maintaining a large fleet, Comrade Andre argued, and he tried every means to solve the funding problem. Today, this seems to be too correct. Without a decent fleet, we will probably be excluded from the corner by Britain, France, Germany and Italy in this Spanish incident..."

Trotsky is quite interesting. You say he is petty, but sometimes he can be so generous. But you say he is really generous, sometimes he has to do something crazy for no reason.

For example, in the previous paragraph, the "Memoirs of the October Revolution" written by this guy was formally submitted to the Politburo for review and began to be published in large quantities. Generally speaking, writing memoirs is not a matter of politicians. The retired president of the American empire in later generations was writing memoirs.

But Trotsky's memoir is a bit special. First of all, people only think about what they think of after retirement, and then write memoirs. But Trotsky was so good that he had just come to power and started writing memoirs in less than a year. To put it bluntly, the one who should write memoirs at this time should be to recuperate from Sochi on the shore of the Black Sea, rather than to squatting in the Kremlin.

Of course, Trotsky wrote nothing, it was nothing but that he would become even more boring after retirement. But the worst thing was that Trotsky shouldn't have written about the October Revolution first. He saw that he had never read the Records of the Grand Historian. I don't know how heavy the Grand Shigong paid for writing contemporary history. Perhaps Trotsky felt that he was the top leader, and it was impossible for someone to do whatever he wanted to do.

OK. Who makes others the top leader? It is natural to be willful. But what makes the old revolutionaries of the October Revolution stunned that Trotsky was not ordinary willful. Unlike people who recall the October Revolution. What is greatness and importance that lightly mentions, anyway, is all bright and righteous things, and they are all just saying it.

Trotsky is different. His "Memoirs of the October Revolution" is actually a book called "Warning the World". He wants to point out the problems in the October Revolution. The first thing is not praise but sharp criticism. He wants to criticize and kill the Soviet Union through criticism and killing the increasingly serious bureaucratic atmosphere, and to sound the alarm bell for the already elated old revolutionaries.

So in Trotsky's memoirs, all kinds of problems during the October Revolution were exposed. Those who made mistakes were also beaten by him in blood!

My goodness, think about how terrifying this is! Because the old revolutionaries of those days are basically still on the stage, Trotsky slapped them in the face regardless of the slightest recklessly, especially those who did not perform very well in the October Revolution or were completely a typical negative example. They were simply stripped off by Trotsky!

The worst of them are Kamenev and Zinoviev, who really have the heart torture Trotsky.

From this we can see that Trotsky is really a skilled person. Think about it, what is this guy’s situation now? Under the pressure of Stalin and Xiaos, what Trotsky should do is to unite all the forces that can be united, and the most important thing is to win over the stones and big pie faces.

But he was fine. He just stripped the two of them and made them unable to raise their heads in the whole party. Isn't this pushing them out? Sometimes you have to sigh that Trotsky is obviously a smart person, but sometimes why do you do stupid things?

Li Xiaofeng just curled his lips for Trotsky's behavior, because he had known that Trotsky wanted to do this. Before Lenin retired, when the 1920s, when the discussion on the abolition of the new economic policy was discussed, Trotsky's "Memoirs of the October Revolution" was written at that time, and Lao Tuo was about to publish it. However, after the first draft was handed over to Lenin to read, the mentor only wrote one line: "Look forward!"

In other words, Lenin rejected Trotsky's request at that time and told him not to publish this thing. Why did Lenin do this? Because he knew very well that Trotsky's experience in writing this memoir was 55: half of it was sincere, and he hoped that the comrades in the party would learn from the experience and lessons of the October Revolution, while the other half was from Lao Tor's selfishness. Lao Tor wanted to attack a group of undealing political enemies, such as Zinoviev and Stalin, and expose their mistakes in the October Revolution. By the way, he advertised himself. Did he see the reputation? I, Trotsky, performed perfectly in the October Revolution, and was comparable to Lenin. You all have to respect me!

I can only say that Trotsky is a bit too proud and naive. It is not impossible to show off his achievements and gain reputation. Even every person in politics must be able to build momentum for his children who will cry to have milk!

But self-promotion also requires skills. A self-promotion style like Trotsky is the stupidest and stupidest. Even if Trotsky performed perfectly in the October Revolution, you should not brag about it yourself. Especially the bragging method of grabbing others' braids and using them as stepping stones is the most undesirable. It is really to attract hatred for yourself rather than reputation.

In other words, Lenin was quite kind. If he wanted to kill Trotsky at that time, he would just write a big pen to pass his memoirs, and then the whole party would distribute it like this, then Trotsky would have completely cut himself off from the people.

Li Xiaofeng was very regretful at the time because he knew very well how Trotsky committed suicide in history. When Lenin had just died and his body was not cold, Trotsky produced this book "Memoirs of the October Revolution", which scolded Kamenev and Zinoviev, and also mocked Stalin's right-leaning performance after the victory of the February Revolution. Anyway, looking at his memoirs, Lenin was just that. Kamenev and Zinoviev were teammates of pigs, and Stalin was a political speculator with a weak will. Only Trotsky was a perfect person.

Let’s recall that in Lenin’s last two years of life, Trotsky was at a disadvantage in the Politburo. That is, Lenin, who was breathing a sigh of relief, was still trying to maintain the balance within the party so that the old man would not be too miserable. Lenin had just had his funeral, and you kid had done this trick. What do you mean?

Anyway, Trotsky's actions were offended by Kamenev and Zinoviev, which was equivalent to setting a flag for his own destruction. As expected, after two years, the old man rolled his bed and got out of bed.

Li Xiaofeng always thought that Trotsky, who had been educated by Lenin for a while, should learn from his lessons and would no longer commit suicide on the memoirs of the October Revolution. But now he realized that he had read Lao Tuo's political wisdom too high, and this guy always had a heart of committing suicide.

So now when I was praised by Lao Tuo in person, Li Xiaofeng felt strange and was increasingly unable to see through what kind of person Trotsky was?

Fortunately, the focus of Trotsky's praise of a certain immortal was to start with what he wanted to say later. After mentioning a few sentences, he got to the point: "Although our navy performed well, we have nothing to be proud of. Compared with our enemies, our navy is not strong enough to be able to fight against imperialism head-on. So in the next step, how can we not only ensure support to the government of the Second Republic of Spain, but also minimize the possibility of friction with imperialism as much as possible? This is an extremely important issue!"

ps: Bow to thank Tengchong, hzwangdd and comrades Juventus!

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Chapter completed!