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Volume G, Chapter 57, Independence

The funds of the merchants and compradors have been flowing, and very few people really purchase land, unless the business is left unsuccessfully, and they wash their hands and buy land as a wealthy man; and they are worried about business risks and purchase land for insurance, but no matter how they estimate, they are not the mainstream of landlords, and the amount of arable land they occupy is extremely small. Therefore, the final land reform plan is expected to be fully subsidized for arable land, which is estimated to be within 100 million mu; and considering the problem of land purchase in the disaster year, it is about 5,000 to 70 million mu.

Based on 70 million mu, the average price of 20 mu is 1.4 billion, 30 becomes government loans or corresponding stocks, and 70 becomes ten-year installment payments, so the government needs to provide 420 million taels of silver or corresponding stocks. For those arable land that does not fully compensate, the government not only does not take out 30% of the loans or stocks, but can obtain a lot of profits from the physical compensation to the landlords and the difference paid by the ten-year ten-year ten-year ten-year ten-people. According to the calculations of the Audit Office of the Ministry of Revenue, for fairness, all tenants use grain to buy arable land for ten years. The actual difference they paid to the landlords can completely fill the 420 million taels of silver or stocks, and can even make some profits.

The land reform plan not only does not cost money, but also makes money, and it also makes money openly. This is due to Cen Chi's understanding of the gentry and landlords and the countryside. For those gentry, as long as they can dig out the cause of their fortune and the year of disaster annexation, morally, it will impose an original sin on these people. In addition to the original sin, the land acquisition at a discount will be extremely smooth in the rural society where benevolence, righteousness and morality are the greatest.

What really worries Cen Chi is the clan, that is, clan land. Since the Song Dynasty, the clan land has been mostly in the south. It is owned by the rural clans, and the income from tenant rent is mostly for sacrifices and for the tribe. The most serious thing is that the gentry land will never be the original surname, but the other surname. If the clan land is also collected and then sold to the tenant, then the whole clan will strongly oppose it. If the clan power is strong like Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Hunan, and Zhejiang, and other clans will have a fight from time to time. If more than a dozen people die, if they really want to collect clan land, then the other party will definitely fight to the death.

Therefore, the changed land reform plan is to not collect clan land, or to count the number of clan households, the average household is less than one acre. This standard is actually quite high. In this way, more than 90% of the clan land in the country can be retained, and it is more than that. It is only the part that is expropriated and the part that has not exceeded. Fortunately, the area of ​​clan land accounts for less than three percent of the national arable land area [Note 1:], which is not a big problem. Yang Rui wanted to completely eradicate clans in the matter of clans, but in Cen Chi's view, it is not enough to rely solely on clan fields to eradicate clans. Four strategies must be implemented to completely eradicate clans, that is, collect clan fields, abolish clan leaders, occupy ancestral halls, and burn genealogy. Any lack of this policy will lead to the clan forces in the future.

It is okay to collect tribe land, and it may be okay to abolish the clan leader, but it is necessary to occupy other people's ancestral halls. It is impossible to burn off other people's family genealogy under the current circumstances. This is not the country that has undergone several revolutions and wars thirty-five years later. Now, Confucianism and clans are not dead at all.

After Cen Chi made a suggestion, he mentioned his understanding, that is, the first thing to do to collapse the clan forces is the foreign church. After the court was beaten by foreigners, the only things that could really stop the spread of foreign religions were clans and temples in various places. Once the clans were abolished, the church would be established. Similarly, the temple fields could not be collected. Once collected, monks and nuns would run away after losing their livelihoods. The temple would be bought by missionaries and changed to foreign churches. The first choice for missionaries to build a church is to force the local temple and then rebuild it.

It is different from the industrialization path in later generations, because there is no need to draw farmers to make up for labor. There is no need to completely crush the clan in the countryside to build a strong foundation and implement a planned economy; at the same time, it is impossible to use violence to expel foreign religions. These two factors ultimately make this land reform only point to private land and commons.

Zhu Jiande didn't know that the center had so many considerations. He thought that it was too low to only make up for more than 20% of the land in the Lu family. Based on twenty taels, how much is this cost, and only more than 7,000 taels.

"Is there no...there are no other compensation conditions?" Zhu Jiande reluctantly asked the cold arbitrator again, and he had to give the Lu family an explanation.

"No, according to the regulations." The arbitrator said coldly. After she said that she saw that Zhu Jiande had no words, she said again: "If you have no other problems, please go back. Please remember to notify the people from the Lu family to come and sign and seal the documents."

After the arbitrator finished speaking, someone from outside asked Zhu Jiande to go out. When he came out, he saw a receptionist who had never seen before. He was over 40 years old and seemed to be an official. He greeted him politely as soon as he saw Zhu Jiande coming out. He probably wanted to chat with him and comfort his emotions. Unexpectedly, Zhu Jiande was not a landlord at all. He took a cigarette and spoke a few words before coming out.

As soon as he came out of the wire, Lu Zhan, who was anxious just now, suddenly rushed over and grabbed his sleeve and said, "Brother Yujie, what do you think of the imperial court?"

Lu Zhan was so anxious that Zhu Jiande brows tighter and said, "There are many people here, so let's go back and talk." After that, he took the horse led by the Lu family and got on the horse and went to the Lu Mansion.

In Lu Shouye's study, after listening to Zhu Jiande's introduction, Lu Shoudao's face turned gray and his body was trembling. Lu Shouye cried a few times, and he didn't know where he ran to the wood. Zhu Jiande said: "Don't be confused. Don't take property or property, don't take it with you if you die. Don't take it too seriously. Since even the field army has been dispatched for this land reform, it can only be said that the government has implemented it very strongly. Before I left, an official told me: The government also knows the situation of the Lu family. Those who can be treated preferentially will be treated preferentially and will be taken care of. After all, they are military families and soldiers of the people. By the way, the yamen also said, "It is better to ask my uncles and some people to go and write as soon as possible."

"Hey..." Master Lu Shou sighed, trying to speak, but he didn't say it after a few breaths. Finally, he smiled bitterly: "Hey..., nephew, you don't know, this land of tenant is in the hands of the renting company. Every year, they send money or grain to the Lu Mansion. If they want to collect land in the yamen, they just need to change the number on the books. Signing and sealing are just a procedure."

Zhu Jiande didn't know that there was such a thing, so he had to get up and say goodbye because he was not willing to comfort him. He didn't see Lu Shouye that night. When he left early the next morning, he did not see Lu Shouye. He sent him to Lu Shoudao, who was sending him some gifts, while apologizing to him, saying that his brother was sick again.

Zhu Jiande didn't know whether it was true or false, but he refused the gifts he sent over, saying, "Uncle, they are all his own people. Jiande really can't accept these things. There are a lot of things in the house, so you might as well please go back."

Seeing that Zhu Jiande was polite, Lu Shoudao insisted on stuffing the polite gift into his hands. The two were in a stalemate. Lu Zhan, who was in a state of stalemate, suddenly ran over and shouted, "I admit it! Father, the court recognized it! I admit it!!"

Lu Shoudao thought his younger brother passed away in anger, but he didn't expect to admit it. He puzzledly said, "What did you admit it? You are crazy and you are not afraid of outsiders' jokes."

"I admit it. Father. Just Zhaoxin stocks. The court recognized it. 100,000 taels!!" Lu Zhan was not afraid of his father's scolding at all, but shouted as if no one else was around. "The Ministry of Revenue of the Court recognized Zhaoxin stocks and said it would repay it on time."

When the Qing Dynasty perished, the 20-year-old Zhaoxin stocks immediately turned into waste paper. Lu Shouye almost burned the waste paper at the beginning, but he didn't expect that the new dynasty would recognize the stocks of the old dynasty.

"Really? You're not wrong?" The serene Lu Shoudao's hand fell to the ground. He looked at his son, stunned and could not believe it at all.

"Father, it's true! The imperial edict and notice said so. There is also the name of the Lu Mansion on it." Lu Zhan said happily. He didn't expect that as soon as he was sure, Lu Shoudao's body shook a few times, and then fell down like he had returned to Lu Shouye.

Zhu Jiande was sitting on the train and waited for a long time to leave Jinan Railway Station. He still smiled on his face. Although he had not completed the Lu family's entrusted this time, at least the Lu family's business was not lost. At least if what they said was true, then the Lu family's 100,000 taels were huge, which was more than ten times more than Tianmu's compensation. Lu Wan's father would never be bedridden again. Thinking of this, he thought of Lu Shoudao who had just fainted. He just thought of the people of the Lu family so weak and indifferent, whether it was good or bad, he would be dizzy once.

When Zhu Jiande finished thinking about the Lu family, he saw the waiter passing by and asked, "When will this train arrive in Shijiazhuang?"

The Lu family bought him a first-class car ticket. The finish line might have been wrong, and the finish line was Beijing. When Zhu Jiande sighed, it was a pity, but he didn't know when he would arrive in Shijiazhuang, so he had to ask the waiter.

"Sir, are you going to Shijiazhuang?" The waiter looked at him very surprised.

"Yes, go to Shijiazhuang first, and then to Xi'an. When will you be able to arrive in Shijiazhuang?" Zhu Jiande suddenly felt something was wrong.

"Sir, you are on the Jinpu Line now, Shijiazhuang is on the Beijing-Han Line, and there is no railway crossing between the two lines. If you are to Xi'an, please get off at the Zhengyangmen Station in Beijing and buy a ticket from Beijing to Xi'an directly. Take the Beijing-Zhangjiakou line first, and then follow the Zhangpu Line from Houma to Xi'an, which is the most convenient way." The waiter saw that although Zhu Jiande was wearing training uniforms, he was the school official, so he answered carefully.

"Ah!" Zhu Jiande was shocked. He wanted to go from Shijiazhuang to Taiyuan, but he didn't expect that it was not a line at all. Now he was going to sit in Beijing, and he was suddenly panicked.

The officer was stupid and did not tip. The waiter secretly felt bad luck in his heart, nodded and smiled and left. As soon as he left, Zhu Jiande was a little crazy. Beijing was not on the itinerary, and he was unfamiliar with people there... However, it seemed that Cai Songpo, Chief Cai was in Beijing. Zhu Jiande suddenly remembered a person in his mind, that was Cai E. He went to Beijing to be the director of the General Staff and the Reserve Bureau. The two often had letters to communicate. This time he went to Beijing rashly, and he had no choice but to go to him.

It was less than 400 kilometers from Jinan to Beijing. Zhu Jiande got on the bus in the morning and arrived at Zhengyangmen Station in the afternoon. He went to find Cai E according to the address he had sent the letter. However, Cai E was not at home. After waiting in the living room for half an hour, he saw a young man wearing a brocade jacket, white and thin face, and slightly drunk, coming in.

"The subordinate Zhu Jiande has met Cai Xietong." Zhu Jiande looked at Cai E with an indescribable excitement. When he saluted, he was talking about the title of the previous dynasty.

After coughing twice, Cai E smiled and said, "The jade stairs are really a rare guest. Are you in Taiwan? Why did you come to Beijing? Is it because you have official duties?"

"Xiaoguan..." Zhu Jiande said embarrassedly: "Xiaoguan took the train for the first time and made a wrong way. He wanted to go north to Shijiazhuang in Shanghai, but he didn't know how he came to Beijing."

As soon as Zhu Jiande said that, Cai E laughed loudly, and he said, "Fortunately, you didn't make a mistake when you hit Taipei, otherwise you would have to go to beat the dog. Cough cough..." Cai E coughed while saying that, but no phlegm came out for a long time. He asked Zhu Jiande to sit down and said, "Then the jade steps will stay in the capital for a few days. I will take you to pretend somewhere."

"How can you bother the chief..." Zhu Jiande quickly refused. He wanted to go home early. But now that he has come to the capital, it's okay to go for a walk. As long as you don't spend money, Cai E wants to take him out for a walk, and he suddenly feels it's not good.

"Hey, I am a director, but I have nothing to do on weekdays, so it's okay to take leave." Cai E said, "You haven't eaten yet, right? Today, I happen to have some old friends from Yunnan. Let me go. I'll take you with me."

"Ah..." Zhu Jiande didn't want to come to dinner and his old friend from Yunnan, so he didn't refuse to follow Cai E and went out.

In the private room of the Donglaishun Mutton Hotpot in Beijing, Zhu Jiande really met the instructor of the Yunnan martial arts lecture hall: Li Xiaru (Lie Jun), Shen Shiquan (Wang Du), Zhao Jihou (Kang Shi), and another one he didn't know very well. Cai E introduced: "This is instructor Jiang Baili of the Army University."

When Zhu Jiande saw the instructors in the past, he wanted to salute to the man named Jiang Baili, but he was stopped by the counterfeiting. Jiang Baili sighed, "Songpo. This is really a new generation of people who are better than old people. Seeing your subordinate, I suddenly felt that I was old."

Jiang Baili said this. Li Liejun also said: "Yes. Among us, only Songpo's military rank is higher than that of our student, and others..."

These generals and officials in the Yunnan Martial Arts Hall were originally formed in Yunnan, but after Cai E went to Beijing, they were also transferred to the capital by the General Staff. Although they entered the center, none of them had real power and were all cold yamen. So everyone felt that they shouldn't have entered Beijing at the beginning. Zhu Jiande didn't know what was happening in the inner world. He heard Li Liejun say so embarrassedly: "Sir.... The students can have today, which is due to the help of the superiors. Such kindness, I will never dare to forget."

"What and what," said Zhao Kangshi, who was a little drunk: "If we can have such ability, it will be more to..."

"Ahem..." Zhao Kangshi's words were interrupted by Cai E. He said, "There are all kinds of people in the restaurant, how can we talk about such things? I just got off the train. Let's not talk about it. Let's have a meal first."

Cai E asked for a meal, and everyone invited Zhu Jiande to dinner. When he was full and went to the toilet, Jiang Baili whispered: "What is your student? You are a colonel at a young age and are on the front line again. I am afraid that you will be promoted to major general next year or later."

"The brigade commander of the 1st Brigade of the 1st Marine Division was the one who recovered Taipei." Li Liejun was more clear about Zhu Jiande's situation and answered first. "His family is poor, and we don't know what's wrong with him. He was the only one who came out of the Yunnan Martial Arts Hall, and he also said that the General Staff directly asked Luo Rongxuan (Pei Jin) for the person he wanted."

"The person the General Staff directly wanted?" Jiang Baili was even more surprised. "Has he joined the Revival Society before?"

"Where is it?" Zhao Kangshi said: "Six years ago, he was only a physical education teacher in a new school in Yilong County before applying for the martial arts lecture hall. He didn't know anything. Besides, if he was really from the Revival Society, why didn't he continue to be placed in Yunnan? You shouldn't make any decisions about him. Since the General Staff will pay attention to him, how can we pull him over?"

"But none of us are leading troops." Jiang Baili said, "If we really want to respond to the call of the Protective Master Ren that day, we don't even have a force except Yunnan. I have been to Shouqing, and his army has been completely undermined by the Fuxing Society. He is nominally the commander, but there are all people from the Fuxing Society. Except for the guard squad, he can't pull anyone."

Cai E was a student of Liang Qichao, and Jiang Baili also regarded Liang Qichao as his teacher [Note 2:] and respected him all his life. Now the teacher established a constitutional protection party in Shanghai to safeguard the constitution, but it is useless to just criticize the poem. If the revival that day would violate the constitution, it would be extremely necessary to fight by force.

"Baili, don't act rashly!" Cai E heard that Jiang Baili was going to use force, so he quickly stopped him. "The Revival Society is not unconstitutional because of personal gain, but for the people of the world..."

"Just. Songpo, you were deceived by them. What is the Fuxinghui Club not for personal gain? They were chosen by Muli Lezi. Now I am grateful and I have distributed the landlord's land to Muli Lezi. Is it not for personal gain? This is not Yang Jingcheng's own self-interest, but for the Fuxinghui Club." Li Liejun, who has a fierce personality, said. "As long as Ren Gong raises his arms in Shanghai, even if I don't have a soldier, I will rebel against him Yang Jingcheng..."

"Xiaru, cough cough..." Cai E interrupted Li Liejun again, "Since it is a legal matter, it should be resolved within the scope of the law. Why do we need to use a knife and a gun?"

"I just don't like it. We are also graduated from regular military academy. Why can't we only squat in the cold yamen? Why can't we lead troops? We are not even as good as non-commissioned officers in Baoding." Li Liejun was still disdainful, "Fuxing will have today. I only see one fact, that is, if you want to have a good future, you have to fight on your own. Fuxing will be able to live in the world, why can't we live in the world? Just because they have a fake emperor?"

"Okay! Well said!" Before Cai E could refute, Shen Wangdu and Zhao Kangshi called out. Zhao Kangshi said, "I can see that as long as they are non-commissioned officers in Japan, the Fuxing Association is worried that they will be involved with the alliance. They are all cold yamen. I don't care about you, anyway, I am unwilling to accept it. Everyone is a revolutionary party. Why can their revolution be the world? We can only sit in the cold yamen? Isn't Ren Gong planning in Shanghai just to oppose Yang? But is it useful to rely solely on the pen? If it is useful, Yang Jingcheng doesn't have to set up a center. Although the Yunnan Fuxing Association has sent a lot of people, the people from Lao Shijiu Town are still controlled by Rongxuan. If things go on, it is easy to take action there."

Originally, I just wanted to bring Zhu Jiande to everyone, but I didn’t want the group to talk about this matter again. Cai E said unhappily: “I think you said, too. I don’t want to sit in the cold yamen here. But if you want to do something, there is an excellent reason to protect the law. But where is the military spending? Where is the ammunition? Is the great powers support it? No military spending, no ammunition, no support from the great powers, how can I fight this battle? Fight for bayonets?"

When Cai E said that the military ammunition was not available, Zhao Kangshi was relieved. Li Liejun asked: "Didn't Ren Gong contact the Japanese in Shanghai? Haven't they always supported our revolution? This time..."

"It's not like the past. Although Japan and Yang Jingcheng had conflicts, the Fuxing Army was stationed in North Korea. If they really support us in launching the Dharma Protector War, they wouldn't be afraid that the Fuxing Army would go to Busan within one day?" Cai E looked at Li Liejun with reproach. He was very angry: "So, the sir said, the Dharma Protector Movement can only fight in literature and not in martial arts. It's not that there is no excuse, but that there is no support. If there is support, I can escape from the capital under the cover of Xiao Fengxian in the name of curing illness and go to Japan first; discuss the details with the Japanese government, use Yunnan minerals as collateral, and borrow military funds and ammunition, and go to Yunnan to launch the Dharma Protector War. I don't believe it. If you take the Dharma Protector as the great thing, you can't let Yang Jingcheng step down." [Note 3]

When Cai E talked about Xiao Fengxian, the people present suddenly realized that he had made Xiao Fengxian for this, and it was really a scheming. Shen Wangdu said: "Songpo, Yang Jingcheng has mobilized his troops to various counties and plans to reform the land by force, but before he could do anything, he caused public resentment and constant disasters. This is such a chance to give him a step back..., did the Ren Guild make a wrong judgment?"

"Mr. I have been in Japan for many years. I have had many contacts in the Japanese political arena and have a deep understanding of the international situation. My judgment is not wrong. Although I have excuses to do things, I do not have the ability to do things, so I will fail if I act rashly. We must endure it." Cai E said.

"What about this Zhu Yujie? You plan to take him..." Jiang Baili, like Cai E, also believed that his mentor Liang Qichao was absolutely correct, but he didn't know what Liang Qichao would do in the future.

"Zhu Yujie suddenly held a high position. Even though he had no good impression of revival before, he would be grateful to them over time. He is a simple and honest person, and he is grateful to him. If he really wants to participate in our affairs, he will not be able to fully integrate into the party. He should maintain a good relationship." Cai E said.

"That's a pity." Li Liejun said, his words expressed everyone's thoughts. They were all in the cold yamen and had no soldiers under them. Now Zhu Jiande is in charge of a brigade and is in Taiwan. If the matter is underway and the Japanese support it, then the anti-Yang will definitely succeed, otherwise Taiwan and Yunnan can be independent. (To be continued)

ps: Note 1: Wang Ruifang, "An investigation into the confiscated horoscope and the disintegration of feudal clan system with the land reform in southern Jiangsu in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China". In the southern Jiangsu region, where the densest horoscopes in the country, the horoscopes account for 6.54% of the total arable land, the horoscopes in northern provinces are sparse, and the horoscopes in southern provinces are also lower than this proportion.

Note 2: "Biography of Mr. Jiang Baili" page p14
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