If it is an internal combustion engine or a jet engine, Yang Rui may still know some of the details, but he doesn't understand the steam engine very well. In this era when marine diesel engines were just in its infancy, the steam engine is still improving in order to achieve greater effectiveness. Although the emergence of steam turbines has frozen the steam engine at the level of three-speed engines, the development of boiler technology is still continuing, from the initial flame tube boiler, to the smoke tube boiler, to the fire tube boiler, and finally to the current water tube boiler, the technology has been improving. Even the water tube boiler has developed from the earliest large water tank boiler to the current water divider boiler, and is heading towards the steep tube boiler.

From the perspective of boilers, steam boilers with less than twenty standard air pressure are low pressure boilers, and steam boilers with more than sixty standard air pressure are high pressure boilers, and the middle pressure boilers are medium pressure boilers. Now the water-separation tank boilers used on merchant ships are medium pressure boilers, and medium pressure boilers have to use alloy steel in the choice of material, such as boiler buckets, water pipes, smoke pipes, pull pipes, and even bolts. These components that directly withstand high temperature and high pressure must use seamless straightened molybdenum steel pipes. Otherwise, the boiler will leak water, leak air, and even be completely damaged after use for a period of time.

Now China can only produce marine steel plates, but the key materials on marine boilers and steam engines cannot be produced. When Wei Han heard that Yang Rui said that the war started, he couldn't help but chased the Sino-Japanese War of 18 years. At that time, the war also started. Even if there were ships and platforms, he could not produce warships. He had to interrupt Yang Rui's imagination, and the extremely real situation was raised.

Wei Han's words did not make Yang Rui think much, but Xu Huafeng, who was standing beside him, felt a little turbulent in his heart. The metallurgical laboratory had been studying cannon steel before, and the heat-resistant molybdenum steel was also studying, but it was not as tight as the cannon steel, low-phosphorus and low-sulfur steel. Now the shipyards still use imported goods.

"Ji Qian, the wartime standard ship that the Prime Minister mentioned is not a warship or a merchant ship. Anyway..." Xu Huafeng was a little difficult to explain the concept of Yang Rui's standard ship in war, and finally said: "Anyway, it is a merchant ship that uses urgent needs, without a water pipe boiler. No large water tank or water distribution tank is used. If you use the previous smoke pipe boiler, you don't need a three-increase steam engine. Only use a composite ship. Anyway, three-increase steam engine is enough. There is no need to put it above three-increase steam engines. If the ship is still a little smaller, such as two-increase horsepower, then you don't even need a duplex steam engine. We use a single-increase steam engine, and we don't even need a ten-centimeter steel plate, five-centimeter is enough. This wartime standard ship is just how cheap it is, the better the cheaper it is."

Xu Huafeng said a little, only thirty years later. The tobacco pipe boiler is the Dutch boiler used in steam locomotives. The pressure of this boiler is only fifteen atmospheric pressure. The temperature is not like a water pipe, and it is four or five hundred degrees at any time. It usually does not exceed two hundred and fifty degrees. In this case, the material of boiler parts such as water buckets and water pipes can be made of molybdenum steel. Just use better copper. When it is more than 100 degrees, copper also has a strength of 22 kg/square mm. As for reciprocating steam engines or single-flow machines, it is not only cheap, but also has low material requirements. Ordinary low-carbon steel is enough.

After Xu Huafeng talked about the technical requirements, Wei Han and others were surprised. Zheng Qinglian said: "Mr. Huafeng, the tobacco pipe boiler is too slow to start, occupy a large area, and the coal consumption is extremely high. With thin steel plates, will anyone want this ship if it is built?"

Technology and production capacity are Xu Huafeng's business, and the market sales issue is Yang Rui's responsibility. Zheng Qinglian asked this question. Xu Huafeng's eyes missed Yang Rui and finally said, "Once a war starts, the ship needs to be built, and the ship needs to be built as fast as possible. It is because of the fear of not having molybdenum steel that uses smoke pipe boilers; in order to build more, thin steel plates are used. The Prime Minister actually considered that our shipyard was newly built. If you are a skilled person, it would not be a standard ship in three months, but a standard ship in one month.

According to the overall arrangement of the Ministry of Industry, if you want to develop industry, the best way is to start with shipbuilding. This industry has low technical content. A high school student can start working after training for a few months, and do all kinds of work in a few years. That is a qualified technician. However, this 60,000-ton shipyard requires tens of thousands of skilled workers. Today, you are here to discuss the construction plan and then to discuss the selection of standard ships. Say whatever you think of today. I am here, and the Prime Minister is here, and many things are easy to say."

"There is another thing that domestic river transportation also requires ships. This time, we will discuss ships from various inland waterways." Yang Rui added after Xu Huafeng finished speaking that he did not hold a meeting for standard ships this time.

Before Wei Han came, he only talked about the expansion of the shipyard. He thought that there was a 10,000 tons and a 5,000-ton dock in Jiangnan, which expanded again. Unexpectedly, this was not just the expansion of the Jiangnan shipyard, but the expansion of the shipyards across the country. In addition to Jiangnan, there are also Fuzhou Mawei and Tianjin Taigu. However, this time, Yang Lianchen, who did not see the ponytail, nor Shen Ruiqing, who did not see the Taigu, which really made Wei Han and Zheng Qinglian strange, but since they came, they would be safe. What's more, Jiangnan Shipyard is now the largest dock in China except Hong Kong. The Jiangnan Bureau has discussed it, that is, it has been discussed nationwide.

Yang Rui still mentioned the topic he hadn't finished before, but he stopped talking, but asked, "If you want to build a 200,000-ton dock within five years, what's the difficulty?"

Yang Rui said it was five years ago, and the few people were not so dazed, but Wei Han said: "Prime Minister, I just heard that everyone would build a 10,000-ton dock. The officials thought that the dock of a shipyard was better to match the size of a shipyard. A shipyard would only have two 10,000 tons, and four 5,000 tons. The rest would be better to build two 3,000 tons and four 1,000 tons. Now the Jiangnan Bureau has mostly contracts for small ships of dozens and hundreds of tons, and there are few large ships of thousands of tons."

After saying that, Wei Han added, "The officials still thought that there would be no need to build so many 10,000 tons of docks. One shipyard is enough, and the other 10,000 tons of docks is best to change to 8,000 tons. Add two 6,000 tons, two 3,000 tons, two 3,000 tons, and one shipyard is 38,000 tons. Such a shipyard only requires five thousand people, and three are 15,000 people. Now there are 3,000 people in Jiangnan Bureau, plus Mawei and Tianjin Taigu. There are other private docks, and so many workers can be found within five years."

"Well. It makes sense," Yang Rui was actually just a fantasy about shipbuilding. He only wanted to build more ships in one battle, but the tonnage of the standard ship has not yet been determined. He only wanted to build ten thousand tons of ships. Now Wei Han has turned the dock into many laughing docks. He thinks it makes sense. After all, the war was only a few years, and after the battle was over, the shipyard could not close its doors immediately.

"How much does it cost to invest in a shipyard of this size?" Yang Rui asked. If the talent solution is the capital.

"Investment?" Wei Han seemed to be unclear about this thing. After hearing the problem, he only thought about Zheng Qinglian.

"Sir. Jiangnan Bureau wants to expand because it has such a foundation, digging docks, and then adding cranes and other machines. It seems that two million taels should be enough. If the Nanjing Shipyard is close to the Ma'anshan Iron Factory, it will be the same as the Hanyang Shipyard. The iron smelting furnace can be left, and the rest is machines. The investment in the docks is estimated to cost more than three million taels per shipyard. There is a gun factory in Hanyang, and the machines there can be used together, and Nanjing will use a separate machine to purchase it." Zheng Qinglian said.

"So the three shipyards will not add up to nine million taels?" Yang Rui asked.

Seeing that the Prime Minister said nine million taels without blinking, Wei Han sighed, "Prime Minister, this money is not a small amount. Besides, the Chinese navy only has 35,000 tons, and the annual repair cost is only 100,000 taels. China Merchants Group only has more than 50,000 tons of ships and Tiantong Company has more than 40,000 tons of repair costs. The repair costs of these ships will not exceed 200,000 taels. If you want to support these 5,000 people, these three shipyards will have to build at least 30,000 tons of ships every year. Without this capacity, the workers' livelihood will be difficult to maintain."

Wei Han said that at least 30,000 tons of ships were built every year, but what Yang Rui thought was that the tonnage of Japanese merchant ships now is more than 1.2 million tons, while China only has more than 100,000 tons. This comparison only made him shake his head. He said: "In ten years, China will have at least 1 million tons of merchant ships. Even if these shipyards are fully started, they are not enough to build. The annual shipbuilding volume of 120,000 tons is still too small, and it is best to have 200,000 tons."

Reality only made Yang Rui go back to the plan just now. When Wei Han and others looked at each other, he said: "Don't look at me like this. Is it easy for an agricultural country to develop industry? It's not easy! Now to develop industry, the most feasible thing is to develop shipbuilding. This is the industry with the lowest threshold. More than ten years ago, we could build warships with thousands of tons such as Pingyuan. Now even if the technology is backward, ships can still be built. Now we are building the lowest-level reciprocating steam engine. But in ten years, water pipes and three-rising machines can be built, right? Twenty years later, steam turbine ships can also be built?

Let’s discuss the shipyard matter here. Let’s talk about the ship type. Now that the river transportation in China has been developed, the waterway has been divided into several levels, and the ship is missing. Let’s talk about this issue today. In a while, you can come up with a plan to see which ship type is better to choose in different seats.”

Yang Rui wanted to escape the shipyard, but Wei Han and Zheng Qinglian chased after him, "Sir, Tianjin's Taigu and Fuzhou Mawei have ready-made shipyards. Why can't the other 80,000 tons of shipbuilding be placed in these two places? This can expand the scale of shipbuilding, and also use existing resources. There is also an official shipbuilding bureau in Huangpu, Guangzhou. Can it be done there too?"

"Guangdong is not under the control of Fuxing. If you want to expand, let people like Fu Renwenshe expand. They don't ask for taxes, so why are they expanding?" Yang Rui blamed, "If you don't talk about anything else, can you dig a dock? Tianjin Taigu, there is basically an unguarded place. What should you do if the shipyard is placed in it and is robbed like before?"

Yang Rui's series of rhetorical questions made Wei Han dare not talk about the expansion of the ponytail. After he finished speaking, Chen Shiying, who came with Xu Huafeng, took out the shape of the ship that was built by the labor department behind closed doors and let Yang Rui and Wei Han and others watch. He first took out a standard ship, with two sets of plans, one is a standard merchant ship, and the other is a standard slag ship, which is designed and built with a turbine for one year and a hull in three years.

The former is divided into five types: 6,400 tons, 4,500 tons, 2,700 tons, 2,000 tons, and 1,000 tons, with horsepower of 3,22, 2, 1,000, and 700 respectively. They are all smoke pipe boilers and reciprocating steam engines. Although this is the case, the speed of the merchant ship is not slow. The first three large ships are all above twelve knots, and the latter two speeds are in the season.

In order to reduce the types, the latter is divided into three types, including 6,400 tons, 2,000 tons, and 1,000 tons, with horsepower of 2,200, 1,000 and 450 horses, and the smoke pipe boiler is also used. The 6,400 tons class is a reciprocating steam engine, and the latter two are not even a reciprocating steam engine, but only a single-flow steam engine. The speed is therefore extremely slow, both between seven or eight knots, the steel plate is thin, and the watertight warehouse is also designed to be extremely wide. This kind of ship is worthy of being a slag boat.

Because of the different designs, according to the current working price, the former is lower than the construction cost of a general merchant ship, which only costs seventy taels per ton, while the latter is cheaper. It only costs more than forty taels per ton. Such a low price only reminds Yang Rui of the ships of Tonghua Shipping Company at the time, which are also at the slag level, but at least it is still used until now.

After reading the data of these standard ships, Yang Rui did not speak. Instead, he continued to look at the data of inland transport ships. That is, the data of three inland transport ships, one thousand tons, five hundred tons, three hundred tons, and one hundred tons. The horsepower of these three is 800, four hundred, two hundred five hundred, and eighty. In order to improve economic efficiency and increase cargo volume, the first three are water pipe water distribution tank boilers and three-inflated steam engines, and the last one hundred tons are diesel engines. The speed of these ships is about seven knots of water. The drainage is above twelve knots, making it extremely sturdy and durable.

In addition, it seems that some ship owners will use it for 30 years or even longer. The hull has also considered the transport of containers in the future, which is actually the reason for using a water pipe boiler for the water pipe. The tobacco pipe boiler is not only slow to start, but also the heating area of ​​the boiler is only 10-100 square meters, while the heating area of ​​the water pipe boiler for the water pipe boiler is 100-2400 square meters. With the three-expansion steam engine, the entire power system covers a smaller area and can load and load people more effectively.

When Yang Rui thought of the word "pretty", he thought of overloading. He waved his hand and asked Chen Shiying to come over, and then said: "Most of the ships in the inland river will be overloaded. Are you considering when designing the ship type in this regard?"

"Prime Minister," Chen Shiying lowered her body and seemed to be looking up, holding her breath: "We have added 20% of the horsepower to the ship transported inland rivers. The first is that we are afraid that the owner will install too much, and then we are worried that the ship will not go on the ship when we are worried about going against the current."

Yang Rui did not understand the relationship between the horsepower, speed and transportation volume of the ship, and asked: "For example, if a three hundred ship is loaded with 500 tons of cargo, can the ship still drive?"

"It can drive, but in this way, you can't sail with economic power, and the coal consumption will rise, and the ship speed will become slower due to draft." Chen Shiying didn't understand the horror of overloading trucks in later generations, and didn't understand why the Prime Minister asked such a question.

"Since coal consumption will increase, is it better to use diesel?" Yang Rui asked again.

"This..." Chen Shiying didn't know that domestic diesel engine technology had developed so maturely before returning to China, especially fuel injection pump technology. He focused on thinking and said: "Prime Minister, as for the current situation, the power consumption ratio is twenty horsepower per gallon, which is two or seven times that of a kerosene engine. It is converted into metric system and three or two kilograms, which means that each horsepower only needs to consume 0.16 kilograms of diesel. In terms of seven cents per gallon of diesel, each horsepower is only four cents of silver;

For marine steam engines, the efficiency of the smoke pipe boiler is only 7%. Although the thermal efficiency of the water pipe boiler is higher, it is only about 10%. In this way, each kilogram of bituminous coal is needed, and the price of coal is 6 taels, which is 6 cents of silver. Although diesel engines have price advantages, diesel is now controlled by foreigners. If diesel engines are produced on a large scale in China, once the diesel price increases, these two cents of advantages will be gone.

Moreover, the cost of high-power diesel engines is higher than that of steam engines. Too high prices will only increase the ship price. The reason why diesel engines are used for ships within a hundred tons is mainly because the diesel engines occupy a small area and do not set up coal bins. Only by using more area and space can we pile up goods."

Chen Shiying detailed the similarities and differences in the use of diesel engine steam engines. Yang Rui deeply agreed with his concerns about diesel prices. Compared with the original cheap diesel price, seeing that China is mass-producing diesel engine tractors exported to the United States, Mobil has now increased the diesel price in the United States by kerosene level. Although China has raised it here, it is normal to wait for more diesel engine ships to increase the price. As long as there are oil fields, if there are not, foreigners will not be able to afford the diesel engine.

"You might as well introduce the price of the ship? There are many sand boats in China now. These inland river boats are much more expensive than those sand boats. Can those who use sand boats afford these boats?" Yang Rui asked.

"The smaller the ship, the more expensive it is," Chen Shiying said. "For ships larger than one thousand tons, we set the cost of 100 taels per ton, and then the price of 500 tons is 120 taels, 300 tons is 140 taels, and the price of 100 tons is originally set the cost of 160 taels, but considering the cost of diesel engines is saved, the price is set the price of 180 taels.

The largest sand ship is to carry 3,000 stones of cargo. It is calculated as one hundred and fifty kilograms per stone, which means a 230 tons of ship, with a displacement of 300 tons. Now we are inquiring about 150 million taels of silver to build a sand ship. If it is smaller, for example, a 2,000 stone will be around nine cents and two taels."

"Then count it, the ship we built is about three times the price of their ship." Yang Rui calculated in his mind that a 100-ton diesel engine ship costs 18,000 taels, and a 300-ton steam ship costs 42,000 taels. Just 300 tons vs. 300 tons, that's almost three times. "It's still a bit expensive."

"It turns out, the price is already the lowest." Xu Huafeng, who has been looking at the ship's shape, couldn't help but interrupt, "It's really a conscientious price. Of course, if you make a bad boat, you can save a lot of price. For example, 35,000 taels of 300 tons is enough, but this boat will last for up to ten years. Those who buy the boat want to build a tomb, and wish they won't be able to use it forever."

Xu Huafeng said that Yang Rui only wanted to Dao Guangxu's tomb when he talked about repairing the tomb. It was really unlucky. He thought to himself and said, "Don't Japan have a merchant ship subsidy method? Can we also get one?"

"Japan's merchant ship subsidies only subsidize ships of more than 700 tons, not less than 700 tons." Xu Huafeng thought about the things of the Japanese and said, "I remember it was there more than ten years ago. It is stipulated that 700 to 1,000 tons, with a subsidy of 12 yen per ton, and a subsidy of more than 1,000 tons, and a subsidy of 20 yen per ton, and a subsidy of horsepower is not much. It seems that a subsidy of 5 yen per horsepower. In this way, it means that 15 yen per ton is subsidized for the cost of 1,000 yen per ton. Of course, it depends on the ship. If we subsidize, will we also count the 100-ton diesel engine ship in the offline line? Will the Ministry of Revenue give so much money?"

"The industrial bases in Shanxi, chemical industry, shipbuilding, and railways that have to be built, are what we have to do in the past few years." Yang Rui whispered and walked to the other side. He didn't want others to hear the words of him and Xu Xu Huafeng. "If you invest 50 million in shipbuilding in the past five years, you will lose 10 million in the shipyard, 5 million in personnel training, 5 million in technical research and development, and the subsidy is only more than 30 million. If it is spread over 500,000 tons, it is 60 taels per ton, right?"

Seeing that Yang Rui seemed to be blurred, Xu Huafeng smiled and said, "It's enough, you can make up for 60 taels per ton, which means we bought most of the boat tour. If so, it's better to buy it directly and rent it to those ship owners. By the way, you still have money. It's impossible to have a boat without a waterway, it's impossible to have a wharf, the dredging of a waterway, the construction of a wharf all costs a lot of money. You'd better let the transport department take out the river transportation plan and see how much subsidy it is."

Xu Huafeng reminded Yang Rui, however, remembered that the 50 million yuan is not only for shipyards, rivers, and docks, infrastructure construction is much more expensive than for shipyards, which is equivalent to building railways. It is equivalent to building railways. You can't just calculate how much money you buy from motorcycles, and how much it costs to build railways and train stations.

He was thinking about the waterway. At that time, Xu Huafeng asked again: "It's true, do you really need to drive the industry through shipbuilding?"

"Of course!" Yang Rui was sure that according to later experience, the capital- and labor-intensive industries of shipbuilding are the most suitable for late-developed countries. South Korea and Taiwan are all taking this path. Now that there is such a good opportunity to fight, China must choose shipbuilding as a breakthrough point for the industry, and then chemical industry, which is a powerful tool for making money, such as synthetic ammonia, sulfonamide, and soda ash. However, these capital and technology-intensive industries cannot be done without that technology.

"In China's current situation, the only thing we can choose is shipbuilding." Yang Rui said with certainty. "Others will not let us do it. The first year of shipbuilding makes money, the second is to make steel, and the third is to bring the machinery industry. Finally, there are technicians. In the past few years, there are only 30,000 skilled workers who have not had 40,000 or 30,000." Yang Rui said while waving his hand. It can be seen that he is very looking forward to shipbuilding. (To be continued, please search for astronomy, novels are better, updated and faster!
Chapter completed!