Volume D Chapter 35 The Blue and White Party
Before dinner, Yang Rui only asked about military affairs and did not do any ideological work. However, when Qi Qingyuan saw him and Liu Boyuan coming together, he understood what was going on. Sure enough, after everyone else withdrew after the meal, Yang Rui asked: "Qingyuan, have you been wronged in the past few years?"
Yang Rui's straightforwardness made Qi Qingyuan a little nervous. He forced himself to smile and said, "No grievance. For the sake of the success of the revolution, Qingyuan is willing to suffer no matter how much hardship it is."
Seeing that he avoided the problem, Yang Rui looked at him for a while and said, "There is no victory without sacrifice. This kind of sacrifice is not only the sacrifice of everyone, but also the sacrifice of individuals. It is best if you have no grievances. If you have grievances, you must endure it. Now it is a revolution, not a row of sitting and apart fruits. I know very well what you did and what sacrificed you, but for the sake of the overall situation, it is inevitable that you can't engage in egalitarianism, and individualism is even more unscrupulous. We still have to look forward and look at the sky. Many things are wronged at the moment, but in the long run, based on the national and national plans, this is a trivial matter. In the Qing Dynasty, how many people can finally succeed in the Qing Dynasty? If the revolution is not successful, no matter how high the position is, no matter how powerful it is? Hong Xiuquan became emperors, but in the end he died and the country was destroyed.
Even if the revolution was successful in the future and was granted the title of minister, from the perspective of human history, just a short passage in history books, it was possible to be emperors, that is, decades of time. What is the point? Our revolution is because of the love that comes from the heart for this country and this nation. This love makes us desperate and never regret it. If it is really for ourselves, why come to this deep mountains and forests? Isn’t it good to surrender in the Guangxu dynasty?”
He was afraid that the student he liked would be unable to think about his position for a while. Yang Rui was serious about his words, but he actually didn't pay attention to any persuasion skills. He was amazed at how Qi Qingyuan was jealous of Lei Yizhen. Isn't it just an army? In the future, the revolution was successful, and he was given a group of troops to see what he was still struggling with.
Yang Rui and Qi Qingyuan went back after talking. In the night sky, Qi Qingyuan stood outside the military tent and watched the torches in Yang Rui's team gradually fading away. Thinking about what he said just now, he said to himself: "You have both selfish intentions, why can't I have selfish intentions?"
The Fuxing Club was founded by Yang Rui. The Fuxing Army was also founded by Yang Rui. At the same time, his decisions were correct. As a result, Yang Rui was in power. Although Qi Qingyuan had complaints in his heart just now, he did not dare to say it. Now he was just waiting for Yang Rui to leave. He dared to talk to himself. However, only he could hear his voice. Pan Chenge, who had just come over next to him, asked, "Qingyuan, sir, what did he say?" He was the commander of the third regiment. In the Battle of Fengtian, he resisted the enemy on the periphery, but he made great contributions. In the end, he only got a regiment commander and began to have some opinions. He believed that he was much stronger than Li Liezu, who was from the factory protection team. But Li Liezu was the brigade commander, and he was the regiment commander.
"What else can I say? It's just those words." Qi Qingyuan shook his head and said. At the same time, he was even more taboo about Liu Boyuan. He dared to assert that he must have told Yang Rui that he had any objections to Lei Yizhen.
Pan Chenge usually chats with Qi Qingyuan, but when he heard that Yang Rui suddenly came to Qi Qingyuan's tent to have dinner, he rushed over. Now Yang Rui has very little time in the army, so it is still very difficult to meet him. "Sir, are you leaving again?" Pan Chenge asked.
"Probably, there are more things inside the pass than outside the pass. Now outside the pass has become South Africa in the past. Have you not seen non-commissioned officers schools move here?" Qi Qingyuan looked at Pan Chengye and smiled.
"Yes! I am... Now the state is the governor of the military government. If this continues, I will become the commander of the army." Pan Chenge said of Lin Wenqian, the commander of the Sixth Regiment.
"Look at you, you are going to make a mistake again. Revolution is for the country and nation, not for you to get promoted. Besides, if you only see the state marrow, don't think about Bu Cen? He was the Qing Dynasty..." Qi Qingyuan said in the tone of a political commissar. He wanted to make fun of him, but when he thought of Zhong Mei's sacrifice, his heart became heavy again. Yes, revolution is indeed for the country and nation, but is it for the country or for his own family like this now?
"I'm not just trying to get promoted. I just want to have more soldiers. A regiment has only a few thousand people, which is boring!" Pan Chengye has seen big scenes. During the Russo-Japanese War, there were not tens of thousands or tens of thousands of people. He just felt that the thousands of people under his command were not enough.
"Yes. You apply to go to the farmland farm. You can take tens of thousands of farmers as you can." After Qi Qingyuan was confused, he became more energetic, as if he had never been confused.
When Qi Qingyuan and Pan Chengye were talking, Yang Rui sat on his horse and headed towards the military headquarters. It was early autumn, the moonlight was very cold, and the woods were extremely cool, and the coldness only penetrated into his clothes. While walking, he couldn't help but look at the full moon hanging in the sky, and remembered the woman who returned to Shanghai in anger. She was still very conflicted about her. For the sake of the revolution, he shouldn't find such a woman. Even if he looked for her, many things would not be known to her, because women are different from men. Once they are moved, it would be very
It can't be kept secret. Maybe it can brainwash her, but what's the use of this? What he wants is: if revolution is regarded as a job, then this woman will be her home after get off work, and at home he can not think about work. In other words, this woman must be a simple woman who doesn't understand revolution and only knows life. No matter what Yang Rui did outside, what will become in the future, in her opinion, it will be a man who comes home from get off work, and then it will be oil, salt, sauce, vinegar, and trivial.
Yang Rui didn't know what other men thought, but he just wanted such a family and such a woman. In the past, Chengzuo was such a woman, but now she was not. Her life seemed to be just burning for revolution. The most important thing is that she did not have a deep understanding of revolution and did not understand what revolution was. In her opinion, revolution was to seek happiness for 40 million people, which was extremely sacred and beautiful. But in fact, revolution was to reverse the world. The bottom of society in the past, those criminals, refugees, and marginal people in society became powerful and nobles in the future, and the powerful became the bottom of society. As for most of the grass in the middle, they were still grass in the bottom, and even if the situation improved, they were just more luxuriant.
The ultimate end of a revolutionary who is full of longing for revolution but still has many kindness and virtues is sacrifice, and often worthless sacrifice. This kind of valuelessness is not that what they do is worthless, but that the revolution itself is worthless. Even if the revolution is successful, it is still a society that needs to be revolutionized again. If they live to the end, they will find that the new country and the previous country are in essence of rule. There are always some people who are powerful and powerful. This is true when they are born, while others are always powerless, even if they are talented. Whether it is a hundred years later or two hundred years later, whether it is China or the United States.
Except for some people around Sun Wen, most of the revolutionaries nowadays do not see this clearly. Of course, Yang Rui also hopes that they will do this, because this revolution will have cannon fodder. He is the same and different from Sun Wen. Not to mention the same thing, the difference is that he cherishes cannon fodder more, and the steps of the revolution are in reality and follow the steps. In addition, the most important thing is that he understands that the logic of history is to centralize power first and then democracy. The more ruthless he centralizes power, the faster he will realize democracy in the future. The material wealth created during centralization is the ideological motivation for democratic appeals in the future. This actually just confirms Kant's rebellion, and it is also Lao Tzu's original intention of "the rebellion is the movement of the Tao". Yang Rui knows this, but only he knows it.
A kind woman, a beautiful revolution, would she go crazy if her longing be broken? When Yang Rui thought of this, his residence had arrived and the lights in the room were lit. Liu Boyuan, who had dismounted first, took a telegram and left. Yang Rui knew that he was already in trouble, but it should be that it was not a big problem, so he solved it himself.
"Is there any news over Shanghai?" Yang Rui drank half a cup of tea in the room and asked Chen Guangshou who came in.
"Shanghai..." Chen Guangshou didn't know what Yang Rui was going to ask, but just recalled the telegrams from the communications office and said, "There is nothing special in Shanghai, it's just that the Congress in the capital passed a bill today." After that, he handed over a telegram.
Last September, Guangxu began to issue an order to open a parliament. Because there was no foundation before, it took a lot of effort to open a parliament. First, the provinces opened provincial parliaments. The advisory bureaus were originally going to be held at the county and prefecture level, but in order to prevent the revolutionary party, they only held provincial parliaments first, and the following parliaments were not open for the time being. Because of the division of southern Jiangsu and northern Jiangsu, there were twenty-three provincial parliaments. However, Jiangsu members proposed mergers to the north and south, and finally there were twenty-two provincial parliaments.
The Parliament was held on the birthday of Guangxu in August this year. At that time, the two joys were coming, and the whole country was celebrated. Many newspapers claimed that "My Qing Dynasty" has stood up from now on, and the people are rich and the country is just around the corner. The Parliament was about to open, and the first thing was to discuss the passage of the Constitution, and then other laws. At the beginning, one hundred elected parliamentarians and one hundred elected parliamentarians had conflicts, but when the new Criminal Law was discussed, the originally distinct camp was in chaos. The Imperial Parliamentarians had conflicts, and the elected parliamentarians were also angry.
Shield. This article states: whether the crime of unmanned rape should be included in the law and how to enter the law. The crime of unmanned rape is actually whether it is a crime before marriage. Different concepts caused two hundred members of parliament to argue fiercely, and the venue was loudly heard. Then the five-hour debate ended. One hundred and ninety-one members of parliament were present to vote. As a result, the supporter of the conviction of unmanned rape (votes a blank vote) won 115 votes, and the opposition (votes a blue vote) received only 76 votes. The opponent was dissatisfied and won everywhere. After winning over the crowd, he voted again the next day, and the supporter narrowly won with three votes.
As soon as this matter came out, the original imperial decree, the camp of elected became in chaos. The National Gazette thus called the conservatives who supported the conviction, and the new party who opposed the conviction was called the Blue Piao Party. The White Piao Party was named Lao Naixuan, Xu Dinglin, and Yu Banghua as the backbone, and the Blue Piao Party was named Wang Rongbao, Lu Zongyu, Lei Fen and Ji Zhongyin as the backbone. Now the two factions are preparing to form a party. They all believe that a country with a civilized constitutional country must have two major political parties, each with flags and mutual support, which is beneficial to national politics. In addition to the emergence of the Blue and White parties, there are now three heroes of the Congress in the capital, namely Yi Zongkui, Yang Du and Lei Fen [Note 1]. These three people spoke the most in the parliament, especially Yi Zongkui, who spoke more than 100 times. They are representatives of the radicals and are nicknamed Li Kui in Water Margin.
Changes in the parliament are actually extremely unfavorable for the Revival Association. The previous idea was to provoke the contradictions between electoral and appointed parliamentarians, but now for the crime of "unmarried rape", the boundaries between electoral and the appointed ones have disappeared and blurred, and it turns out that you have me and I have you. However, different ideas will always make different camps choose. Although the Revival Association has someone in the parliament, it cannot reverse this situation.
Of course, Chen Guangshou's telegram to Yang Rui was not a boring thing like "unfather-free crime". There are two things on it. One is Sheng Xuanhuai's railway loan case, and the other is the financial and financial case. The former was proposed by Sheng Xuanhuai before the founding of the National Assembly. The content was nothing more than that because most private railway companies only opened companies and raised funds and did not build roads, he wanted to borrow foreign funds to build railways. The idea was good, but the resistance was great, and the private railway was licensed by Guangxu before. There is also a good example of Tonghua Railway Company, which has been built within and outside the pass.
Railway, so after the founding of the National Assembly, Sheng Xuanhuai's railway loan case was rejected by lawmakers. The gentry, such as Sichuan, Hunan, Zhejiang, Guangdong, and all the members of the senators all have shares in railway companies, so they naturally take the interest on the capital of the railway company. Once the railway is built, not only will he add his capital, but he will not have to take the interest. How could he agree to this matter? So when his proposal was mentioned, it was rejected. The railway matter was rejected, which was not expected by Sheng Xuanhuai, but he had no choice but to do so in the current situation.
After the railway incident, there was a financial case. In 1906, the national fiscal revenue was 180 million taels, but the expenditure was 190 million taels, plus the debt after the Boxer. The fiscal deficit was nearly 40 million taels [Note 2]. According to the cabinet plan, not to mention the others, the expenses of the army and navy increased by 15 million taels compared with the previous year. Among them, 10 million taels were used for the expansion of the new army. Except for the two towns of the Imperial Guards, the others were used for the new army's new army. The new army in other provinces was not yet organized. The other 500 taels were used for the navy. This was the seven-year plan proposed by the new Navy Minister Zaixun. It was planned to invest 50 million taels in seven years to rebuild the navy, of which 35 million taels were paid from the national budget, 5 million taels per year; the other 15 million taels were deducted from the cost of the inner court, 2 million taels per year.
It costs money to build a military army, and in addition to running new schools, building railways, building patrol police, and developing industrial industries, the budget in 1908 was 230 million taels, which was 40 million taels more than in 2006. The more money was always collected, and these big heads were all about finding ways to increase income. In addition to increasing taxes, another was to carry out currency reform.
In 2004, American Jingqi suggested that China change from the silver standard to the gold exchange standard, but Huguang Governor Zhang Zhidong strongly opposed it. The reason was that the currency was changed to foreigners, which was a conspiracy of foreigners to control the Qing Dynasty's finances. The second was that it deliberately pretended to be confused about the gold exchange standard and questioned whether the gold-silver price position could remain unchanged at 1:32. The biggest mystery is that once the national currency is changed, mints across the country will be taken over by the branch, and the annual profit of 18 million taels of copper coins will be completely lost.
As the largest Wuchang Mint in the country, its profits are extremely abundant, so Zhang Zhidong strongly opposed currency reform. At the same time, if currency reform is carried out, many benefits brought by bad rules will be lost. For example, if land tax is collected, the people generally pay copper coins. According to the current price, 1,400 citrus is equal to one tal. However, when county officials collect taxes, they force it to be 2,800 citrus as one tal. Coupled with the usual fire consumption, this is a huge profit for officials of all over the country. Therefore, the Jingqi currency reform was abandoned by Cixi because of collective opposition from the local government.
However, Guangxu did not admit defeat when Cixi gave up. His current plan was different from the previous silver standard exchange exchange standard. He still held the silver standard. However, it was no longer the one-two silver dollar that Zhang Zhidong strongly advocated, but would mint silver dollars of seven cents and two cents. At the same time, various provinces were prohibited from minting coins without authorization. Only the Tianjin Mint Factory, Hubei and Jiangsu branches had the right to mint "Qing silver coins"; although copper coins were strictly enforced in 2005, they were now becoming more and more popular. Therefore, the minting rights of copper coins were also taken back to the central government and minted by the Tianjin Mint and Hubei and Jiangsu branches; finally, the banknotes were strictly ordered by the provincial government and business branches not to issue paper money. The issuers should gradually recover and provide certain reserves for verification at any time.
In the entire fiscal and financial case, in addition to raising taxes, it is to snatch the right to mint coins with local governors and money houses. The tax increase lawmakers had no objection, but the right to mint coins was recycled by the central government. However, after rejecting the railway loan case, the fiscal and financial case was finally passed by 104 votes to 96 votes.
After reading the telegram, Yang Rui asked Chen Guangshou, "Is there a call from Xingjian? What are the reactions of those bank banks in Shanghai?"
Chen Guangshou had long understood that the same type of telegram should be put together. When he saw the question, he shook his head and said, "There is no telegram from Shanghai."
"Then send a message. It is impossible for Shanghai to have no response." Yang Rui said.
Chen Guangshou sent the telegram, but did not call back in Shanghai. On the afternoon of the next day, Zhang Kun from Shanghai replied. In the telegram, he said that when the news of the unified currency system reached Shanghai, many bankers had reactions, but it was not very fierce. These bankers did not issue paper money, but only issued banknotes. This kind of banknote is actually a tool to communicate with China and foreign goods. If the imported foreign goods are insufficient, the banknotes will be used. When the foreigners see the banknotes, they will release the goods. After the Chinese merchants shipped the goods to the mainland, they exchanged the loans for the banknotes; the export merchants wanted to sell the goods to the foreigners, and after receiving the check, they went to the banknotes to exchange them for banknotes. With this kind of banknotes, they could be collected from other places. In the final analysis, this banknote is actually a discounted bill from later banks.
After talking about the reaction of Shanghai Money Industry, the next step was the impact on Kanto Bank. Zhang Kun believed that the biggest impact was that the operating rights of the Northeast official bank account might be taken back by the court. Because the Du Branch would definitely accept the official bank account of each province. Then, the banknotes issued by the Qing Bank were replaced by the banknotes issued by the Qing Dynasty. The original banknotes of Kanto Bank were not forced to be recycled because the head office was in the concession. Moreover, many of the banknotes of Kanto Bank were banknotes of less than one or two. Now the copper coins depreciated, such banknotes that are convertible and stable in currency are still very popular among the people. The scope of its discovery is entirely the scope of branch exchange institutions. The wider the branches, the larger the issuance range of paper banknotes.
Zhang Kun's telegram is very long. In addition to discussing how to deal with the countermeasures after the Northeast official silver account was taken over by the Du branch, there is also a new plan, namely, expanding the issuance of paper banknotes, thereby exercising the living space of copper coins to accelerate the depreciation of copper coins. The final result of this will make the actual transaction value of copper coins that have been issued infringement lower.
Finance has always been an important area to attack a country, especially the Qing Dynasty now knows nothing about modern finance, which is indeed a good way to cause social unrest, but Yang Rui's idea is not like this. He was actually waiting for the rubber stocks in 1910, which was a good time to hit the entire Chinese finance. Now, just running copper coins alone cannot achieve too much effect. The key is to see how the Qing Dynasty branch treats the new financial system: whether it can suppress the governors and governors from all over the country can be suppressed, and whether the right to mint coins will be collected is another key. With the development of the new policy, the new army will need more and more money, so he didn't believe that the Qing Dynasty could not resist turning on the printing press.
After Yang Rui read Zhang Kun’s call back, Chen Guangshou handed over another telegram, and he said, “Sir, this is an encrypted call, I just dug it out.”
"Where did it come from?" Yang Rui was a little curious, thinking that it was called from the United States.
"It was sent by Zhang Kun from Shanghai." Chen Guangshou said. After he handed over the telegram, he closed the door and went out.
Yang Rui said it was Zhang Kun's again, and was very curious about what important things he had, but he couldn't let it go when he saw the telegram. The telegram was about an extremely secretive thing, which was the deposit problem of the royal family of the Qing Dynasty. This was actually what he talked about yesterday with a senior class of HSBC. According to the foreign banking industry, the Qing Dynasty royal family had more than 900 pounds before the Boxer Emperor, and to this day, the Qing Dynasty royal family should have more than 10 million pounds of property. [Note: 4] The unit used in the telegram is pound. If it is converted into silver, it will be multiplied by seven, which is more than 70 million taels, or even 100 million taels of silver. Where did this money come from and how it came from, Zhang Kun did not say in the telegram, and at the same time, Zhang Kun did not say where the money is now. He probably only heard the wind.
Did the Qing Dynasty have this money? Yang Rui thought it was possible. Any dictatorship must have a private account, so the small treasury was no problem. But how can we understand the specific situation and get the money over? (To be continued...)
ps:1: In history, the three heroes of the Congress should be Yi Zongkui, Luo Jie and Lei Fen. However, history has changed. Yang Du was a member of Congress because of his reputation for regaining the sovereignty of the Guangdong-Hankou Railway, and his knowledge should be the three heroes of the Congress. Yi Zongkui and Luo Jie were both from Hunan. Yang Du was selected, so only one of them was elected.
2: The fiscal revenue in 1906 is estimated, referring to the fiscal revenue in 2003, which is 104.92 million yuan, and the fiscal revenue in 2008 is 234.82 million yuan; the fiscal deficit in 1903 is 30 million yuan, which is estimated here to be 38 million taels.
3: "currency-reform-in-china",nch,31-march,1905,p.637.
Chapter completed!