Neural reaction is a manifestation of speed quality, which refers to the speed of the human body to respond to various stimuli, such as the time from the start to the start of the sprint, the instantaneous changes of basketball players on the court, etc. It is based on the nerve process, the reaction time is short, the reaction speed is fast, and the reaction speed is fast; the reaction time is long, and the reaction speed is slow.

The rate of nerve reaction is an indicator with a high heredity. Some people have faster nerve reactions, while others are slower. Moreover, the reaction speed of middle-aged and elderly people will gradually slow down as they grow older. Therefore, choosing a reaction is also an indicator to measure the aging level of middle-aged and elderly people. For example, the "Citizen Health Standards" issued by the Ministry of Sports of my country stipulates that men aged 40 to 45 are qualified for 3 grades when choosing a reaction between 0.59 and 0.49 seconds, and 5 grades within 0.43 seconds; women of the same age should reach 0.61 to 0.52 seconds, and 5 grades within 0.44 seconds.

However, the conduction speed of nerves is limited. Generally, the conduction speed of motor nerves of normal people is 5-120 meters per second. That is to say, from your brain to your fingers, from height 1.8, it is about 0.6 meters, nearly 1 meter, and the fastest is 1/120 seconds. In addition, the delay of the optic nerve and brain, the time of muscle contraction... so I didn't catch it. You have this feeling. The simple reaction speed varies from person to person, and this thing cannot be practiced! But there is a kind of conditioned reflex, and this reflex arc is much simpler, and it can significantly reduce the reaction speed if it is cultivated.

Playing chess, table tennis, Sanda boxing, karate parkour, fencing, etc. can greatly increase the human nerve response speed

Many psychological experts' experiments when responding to human physiological reactions have measured that they are greater than 0.1s

But everyone's different,

The reaction time has a lot to do with a person's state and mood.

Generally, you react faster when you are in a good mood than when you are in a worse mood.

React faster when you are excited than when you are depressed.

The reaction time of ordinary people should be above 0.2 seconds, and the trained athletes should not be below 0.1 seconds.

The reaction time of a normal person is 0.15 seconds to 0.4 seconds (the reaction time of "Flying Man" Liu Xiang is 0.139 seconds). It is said that Liu Guoliang's reaction time is 0.01 seconds faster than his teammates, so he can achieve good results.

Due to the limitations of human physiological and psychological factors, the response speed of a person to stimuli is limited. Under general conditions, the reaction time is about 0.1 to 0.5s. For complex selective reaction time to reach 1 to 3s, the average reaction time to make complex judgments and cognition is 3 to 5s. The specific reaction time t with discrimination can be obtained by the following formula:

t=klog2(n+1)

In the formula, k is a constant; n is the number of selected objects with equal probability; (n+1) is to consider determining whether a stimulus occurs.

In order to ensure safe operation, on the one hand, in machine design, the manipulation speed should be lower than the human reaction speed. On the other hand, it should be tried to improve the human reaction speed.

A simple reaction means that a single stimulus is presented to the subject, and only a single reaction is required, and the two are fixed and unchanged. At this time, the time distance between the stimulus and the reaction is the time of a simple reaction.

When selecting a reaction, it means that there may be more than one stimulus. For each stimulus, the subject is required to have a different response, but it is unknown which stimulus appears in advance. The subject must not only distinguish which stimulus is currently present, but also choose a pre-determined response based on the stimulus that appears. This reaction can better reflect a person's intelligence and ability. In selecting a reaction, the more choices, the longer the choice time, the more complex the choice task, and the longer the reaction time.

Using experimental and mathematical statistics, statistical analysis was conducted on the selection responses of about 173,600 people in the adult group (20-69 years old) who monitored the national physical fitness in 2000. The results showed that the selection responses of adults in my country first decreased with age, men were 22 years old, and women were prolonged with age after 21 years old. Men’s selection responses should be shorter than women, and the difference was highly significant (P 0.01); the physical fitness level was moderately negatively correlated with the selection responses (r=-0.546), and people with good physical fitness should have shorter choices; the selection responses of people participating in exercise should be shorter than those who did not exercise, and the difference was very significant (P 0.001).

Factors that affect reaction

1. Response time depends on the stimulated sensory organs

(1) Different senses have different reaction times, touch is the fastest, hearing is the second, and vision is the slowest.

(2) The stimulus received by the same sense is different when the response is different.

(3) Different responses are different in the stimulated sensory areas.

(4) Stimulating the complex sensory organs will also affect the reaction speed

2. Response depends on the intensity of the stimulus

(1) The reaction time shortens with the increase of stimulation intensity, but when the stimulation intensity is low, the reaction time decreases quickly; when the stimulation intensity is low and higher, the amount of reaction time decreases becomes smaller and smaller.

(2) When the physical stimulation intensity itself remains unchanged, increasing the time acting on the senses and causing the accumulated effect of time, it will also increase the psychological intensity of the stimulation.

(3) If the physical stimulus intensity remains unchanged and the stimulus time is certain, and the area of ​​visual stimulus is increased, the psychological intensity of the stimulus will also increase due to the spatial accumulation of receptor nerve excitation.3,

3. The reaction time depends on the body's state

(1) The reaction time depends on the adaptation level of the body

(2) The reaction time depends on the preparation status of the subject

There are three preparation times, namely, the time between the stimulus given is 1, 1.5 and 2 seconds, respectively. The experiment proves that the reaction speed is the fastest when the preparation time is 1.5 seconds. Try to design an experiment yourself to verify the reliability of this result.

(3) The reaction time depends on the role of additional motivation

(4) The reaction time is also related to the individual's age.

4. Reaction time is closely related to exercise

The less exercises you practice, the slower you respond; the more exercises you practice, the faster you respond, but as the number of exercises increases, the shortening of the reaction time begins to be faster, then gradually slows down, and finally becomes stable.

5. There are obvious individual differences in reaction time: not only are there differences between individuals, but also the reaction time of the same person at different times and under different circumstances due to psychological and physiological changes.

The fastest-responsive person in the world teaches you how to improve your reaction speed

Who is the fastest-responsive person in the world? Australia's Anthony Kelly deserves this title. Not only can he grab a moving object with a speed of 330 kilometers per hour with his bare hands, he can also punch 10 times in a second. In order to help more people improve their reaction speed, Anthony founded a training center in Australia, helping people become faster and stronger through a series of courses.

"Response speed is a comprehensive manifestation of multiple physical qualities." Anthony told the reporter of Life Times that the rapid response training courses he designed with many human kinematographers include many aspects, such as perceptual training, explosive power and speed training, timing exercises, hand-eye coordination skills, agility exercises, etc. While improving the coordination ability of various parts of the body, these trainings will also greatly improve the strength of the arms, forearms and shoulders.

It is understood that the people participating in the training class were only athletes and coaches at the beginning, but many ordinary people have also joined in recently. In addition to catching up with the popular young people, there are also many elementary school students and the elderly. Through the rich form and content

Interesting training courses, people benefit a lot from both physically and mentally. Anthony said that people can also use some conscious training to improve their reaction speed in daily life, and he introduced to Chinese readers.

The following methods.

Single-legged **. Keeping the body in a stable posture can improve the coordination and balance of the whole body. People should correct their walking and sitting postures, often do single-legged *** movements, and practice basic martial arts movements such as horse stance. Maintaining the stability of the body is the basis for improving agility.

Cultivate selection attention. "Experienced athletes will only pay attention to relevant clues during the competition and ignore irrelevant factors. This is called 'selective attention', which can help people react the fastest in a limited time." People can improve their selection attention through ball games such as table tennis and volleyball.

Alternate fast and slow muscle training. Muscles can control the speed and strength of human body movements. People can cultivate muscle "movement memory" through alternating fast and slow movements and repeated practices, such as running alternately, and how many times faster and slower when practicing dumbbells.
Chapter completed!