The Shaman Master also brought several young masters, a bunch of people pretending to be a ghost, and in a short while, he arranged the Dharma field in the princess' dormitory. Please read the book W ｗ ∫ Ｗ ∮.

ΩＱingＫanＳhu．

cC

They used a lot of magic weapons and arranged the magic case. Several shaman masters cooperated with the shaman master. They danced waist bells, bronze mirrors, grabbed drums, and danced the great gods with their legs spread out, constantly shaking their heads and lying in their lyrics.

Young Master Meng felt funny in his heart. He was quite interested in watching these people pretending to be magical and magical instruments all carved with various god patterns, especially the colorful divine masks on the divine case and the grabbing drum.

Shaman, known as the intermediary between God and man.

They can convey human prayers and wishes to God, and they can convey God's will to others.

The shaman attempts to master the secrets and abilities of life forms in various spiritual ways, and obtaining these secrets and magical powers is a life practice content of the shaman.

Shamans are divided into family shamans and wild shamans. As the attendant of the gods, the family shamans are mainly responsible for the sacrificial activities in the clan.

A wild shaman (also known as a great god) is a shaman captured by a god, that is, a shaman possessed by a god.

God's activities to capture shamans include healing diseases, corpses, blessings, divination, prediction and other problems that people need to solve.

Manchu shamans are usually like ordinary people in the clan. Their services are not rewarded, and they do not have the authority to overcome others. They can get married and have children.

After the shaman died, the artifacts, ornaments, costumes and other artifacts used were buried.

These imperial shamans in the royal palace of the Qing Dynasty had to be selected, and they had a good reputation in this clan. They were all famous gods, and they were finally confirmed to become court mages. That was no joke.

When the young master Meng saw a bunch of shamans singing and dancing around the princess' couch, he was secretly funny and thought that if this could cure the disease, modern times would not need to carry out medical treatment. Thinking of his industrial projects that needed to be gradually improved, he was a little impatient. He spent a lot of money, but his vegetarian factory could not even produce Western medicine on its own. If he wanted to catch up with the level of European and American countries, he didn't know how long it would take. If he couldn't find tens of millions of taels as soon as possible, he wouldn't do anything.

Young Master Meng has calculated the calculation that if you want to upgrade industry, you must upgrade to the European level at the end of the European level. With basic national defense, you must have at least 60 million taels. If you really want to establish a country, you must have your own financial system. If you want to establish a financial system in one step, you must have a bank. According to the standards of European and American countries, if you want to establish a country with a population of 100,000, you must at least need a deposit base of hundreds of millions of Chinese official banks, otherwise the currency will not be able to stand firm!

According to the idea of ​​Mr. Meng, a country with a population of millions, taking countries like Germany and France as an example, their national finances can be worth at least 2 billion taels, which can be collected. Moreover, the population of these two countries is definitely more than one million. France needs to pay Germany's 5 billion francs after the end of the French-Prussian War. What does this mean? This is the national finances that pay the money!

Of course, if France is destroyed, the money it can take out will definitely be far more than that. What is this? This is the family foundation of a country, which shows that this country has so much money.

Although the Qing Dynasty was backward and beaten, the Qing Dynasty was also quite rich. If the cute young master was allowed to apply to the emperor and gain state power, he believed that five years would be enough to get rid of the situation of being beaten in one fell swoop. The Qing Dynasty was backward in system, and the country was too large, so it would be quite difficult to reform such a large feudal kingdom.

During the French-Prussian War, Germany disrupted the balance of Europe with its fast and amazing victory.

Earlier, Napoleon III of France had the momentum to dominate the European 6: Although the Second French Empire was not consolidated, the French army's continuous military victory in the Crimean War and the Austro-French War eased many internal conflicts and won over a certain number of people's hearts. Napoleon III tried his best to restore the European 6 hegemony of the First French Empire.

However, under the planning of Bismarck, Prussia was actively playing an important role in the German Federation. The victory of the Prussian-Austrian War in 1866 determined its leadership in the German Federation, seriously threatening France's hegemony in Europe 6.

The French authorities realized that Germany's rise poses a threat to its status, so the nationalists in Congress proposed a positive foreign policy, which they even regarded as compensation for the domestic generous concession policy. Napoleon III asked Bismarck to agree to merge part of Bavaria and Hessen-Darmstadt on the west bank of the Rhine River with France as a reward for the conservative and neutrality of France in the Pakatan-Austrian War. Bismarck flatly refused and immediately notified the Bavarian king and the governments of the Napoleon III's intention, thus creating a fear of France in the Napoleon III's state. Using this mentality of South Germany, Bismarck then concluded a secret treaty of offensive and defensive alliance with them.

Under such circumstances, just a Franco-Prussian war can inspire the national feelings of the South German states and promote their merger with the North German Federation.

The cause of the war in 187o was the issue of inheritance of the Spanish throne. In 1868, Queen Isabella II of Spain was overthrown because of her private life and political chaos, causing the throne to hang.

The Spanish cabinet meeting decided to find a suitable successor, among which Prince Leopold, who was distantly related to King William I of Prussia, seemed to have hope of becoming a candidate. Unfortunately, the news leaked at the end of June 187o, which greatly angered the French Foreign Minister Duke Gramon. After the parties himself refused, he threatened William I, demanding that he never be involved in the Spanish throne. William tactfully rejected the other party's request.

But Bismarck, who deliberately provoked the war, deliberately added fuel to the fire on the telegram, angering the French public opinion circle, worried that he could not find an excuse to send troops to the foxes who claimed to be the Duille Palace and the mysterious Sphinx French emperor Napoleon III immediately declared war.

On the eve of the French-Prussian War, the German team, which implemented a universal conscription system, was the most powerful army in Western Europe. The North German Federal Army (including the army of southern Germany) could reach more than 10,000 in wartime (including more than 690,000 combat troops). It was almost twice the strength of France.

During the war, each army was unified into several armies.

The German artillery was equipped with steel pipe rifled guns manufactured by the Krupp Arsenal, with an effective range of 3.5 kilometers.

As early as the winter between 1868 and 1869, General Moltke, the chief elder of the Prussian army, had already formulated a war plan. Moltke expected that the French army would attack first, and the direction of the attack would definitely choose the Alsace and Lorraine, especially crossing the Rhine River near Strasbourg, because it was a prominent part of southeastern France, directly facing the German land on the east bank of the Rhine River. According to the situation of the French Railway, Moltke could easily calculate that the Strasbourg Railway did not have the ability to assemble all the main forces of the French army. More than half of the French army (150,000) should get off the train and assemble at a little north to Strasbourg, and Metz, in the hinterland of France. Please read the book W ｗ Ω Ｗ Ω ．

∮ＱingＫanＳhu．

cC In this way, the French Metz group and the Strasbourg group will inevitably be separated by the Vosges Mountains.

Moltke concentrated his three armies behind the Rhine, facing Metz and Strasbourg, and did not take the initiative to attack because he wanted the Vosges to separate the French army and did not want the mountains to separate his attacking troops. Once the direction and strength of the French army were determined, the Prussian army could concentrate their forces to defeat the separated French army, and then launch a resolute attack on Artsas and Lorraine, annihilate the main enemy forces in the final battle, and occupy Paris. The plan also stipulates that once the Austro-Hungarian Empire stands on the French side to participate in the war, the Prussian army will take military action against it. The total French army's total force was only 570,000, of which only 330,000 to 340,000 combat troops were only 330,000 to 340,000.

The French army implemented a system of standing troops at that time, and the troops were experienced for a long time. Commanders at all levels were experienced and fought all over Europe, Asia, Africa and America. However, the French military system did not set up troops at normal times, and the division was organized at two levels (except for the Guards). They were in a hurry to form the troops in the war, so they could not ensure the coordination that the troops should have. This was a major mistake in the French brain mechanism. France did not formulate a thorough war plan in advance, and there were many mistakes in the plans formulated in a hurry.

Things were moving step by step towards the direction he designed, which was not what he had thought in advance.

Young Master Meng felt that the French army lost more on the economic level, but military is secondary. The bigger the country, the better. A country like Japan, has the whole nation. If it receives a compensation of 5 billion francs at once, it can become one of the world's powers within one year!

Young Master Meng believes that economic reasons are the decisive factors in national competition!

In the early 19th century, Prussia was a feudal state with a very backward social and economic situation. Under the situation of internal and external troubles, the rulers of the Prussian Kingdom implemented a series of reforms in order to maintain their rule, which promoted the transformation from feudalism to capitalism.

By the 1930s, the industrial revolution began. From the textile industry to other industrial sectors, machines were gradually adopted. According to statistics, the total number of steam engines in Prussia was 419 units in 1837 (75oo horsepower), and in 1846 it increased to 1,139 units (217oo horsepower).

In the early 1940s, there were 245 steam locomotives, and by 187o, the number of steam locomotives had increased to 3,485.

In the 1950s and 1960s, the industrial revolution entered a high stage. During these twenty years, industrial production roughly quadrupled.

From 186o to 187o, the production of consumer materials increased by 2o%, while the production of means of production increased by 33%. In the industrial structure, the center of gravity has shifted from light industry to heavy industry, and heavy industry has become the basis of the entire industrial exhibition.

Prussia has a very rich coal reserve. Most of them are concentrated in the Ruhr area, the Saar area, and between the Husse Mountains and the Mount Erz. Before the 1840s, the output of coal in these areas was not yet high. For example, in 1846, the coal production was only 320,000 tons, less than the 450,000 tons in France.

However, after the development in the 1950s and 1960s, coal production increased rapidly. According to statistics, it was 70,000 tons in 1850, 170,000 tons in 1860, and 340,000 tons in 1870.

Driven by the growth of coal production, the metallurgical industry has developed rapidly.

In 185o, Germany's pig iron production was only 210,000 tons. After twenty years, by 187o, it had reached 1.39 million tons. In this year, in the territory of the German Customs Union, the average iron consumption per person reached 38.8 kilograms. From 185o to 187o, the steel production also increased from 59o to 170,000 tons.

With the exhibition of coal and steel production, Prussia's machine manufacturing industry has also begun.

From 1846 to 1861, the machine manufacturing plant increased from 13o to 3oo.

Some machine manufacturing plants are quite large in scale. For example, the Berlin Polsici factory specializing in steam engines had 16oo workers in 1866, and was considered one of the largest factories in the world at that time. Among the 3,485 steam locomotives owned in 187o, most of them were manufactured in their own country. The products of the machine factories in Berlin and Saxony were not only supplied to the domestic market, but also exported to France and the United Kingdom. The machine manufacturing industry is closely related to the arms industry. The Krupp Company, which is famous for the manufacturing of cannons and shells, had 7ooo workers in 187o.

Together with Stinas and Porschy, it became the main supplier of weapons and equipment for the German team.

Germany's railway construction is also very prominent.

German historian Treschke said: "The first thing that pulls Germany out of its economic stagnation is the railway."

The first railway was opened to traffic in 1835, from Nuremberg to Felt, with a total length of 12 kilometers.

In 1848, the railway increased to 25oo kilometers, which had passed the length of the railway in France during the same period.

In 185o, the length of the railway reached 6ooo kilometers, spread all over the country.

After twenty years of construction, by 187o, the length of the railway had reached 21,471 kilometers.

At the same time (from 1851 to 187o), the number of locomotives increased from 498 to 3485, and the number of truck carriages increased from 6825 to 76824.

From 185o to 187o, the freight volume of railways increased by nineteen times.

Railways not only drove the development of mining, metallurgy and machine manufacturing industries, but also greatly enhanced Prussia's economic strength.

As a foreign economic historian said: "The railway strengthened Prussia's strategic position and made it more economically faster. This was shown in the decisive moments of the struggle against Denmark, Austria and France (referring to the Pau-Austrian war in 1864, the Pau-Austrian war in 1866, and the Franco-Prussian war in 187o).

When talking about the rapid economic development of Prussia, the development of its agricultural development should not be ignored.

From the early nineteenth century to the fifties, a series of reforms were implemented in agriculture and gradually abolished the feudal serfdom.

The abolition of serfdom not only added the differentiation of farmers, causing bankrupt farmers to flow to cities and become wage workers, but also allowed feudal landlords who occupied a large amount of land and received huge ransoms to establish capitalist farms, and gradually developed capitalist relations in agriculture. This process of gradually transforming from a feudal economy to a capitalist economy is the so-called "Prussian road".

The "Prussian Road" promotes the country's agricultural exhibition to a certain extent, but also promotes the industrial exhibition. Please read the book WｗΩＷΩ.

ΩＱingＫanＳhu．

cCＣIn the 1850s and 1960s, during the process of agriculture along the "Prussian Road", tillage technology was continuously improved, chemical fertilizers were used, and tillers, seeds, harvesters, threshers, and even steam plows appeared.

The promotion and application of new technologies expanded the arable land area and increased the yield of crops. In the mid-19th century, the arable land area expanded to more than 250,000 hectares.

In 187o, the wheat yield per hectare reached 1.25 tons. During this period, the harvest of potatoes and beets ranked first in the world.

With the increase of food and feed, the number of livestock also increases rapidly. The development of agricultural production will inevitably play a huge role in promoting the development of industry and the entire national economy.

When the Prussian economy flourished, although France's economy was also developing, it was relatively backward.

The reason:

First, France has fewer coal and iron ore deposits, the steel industry is developing very slowly, and the output is not high. The coal output was 1.77 million tons in 1828. Although it reached 5.15 million tons in 1847, the consumption in the same year was more than 750,000 tons. The insufficient number needs to be supplemented by imports.

After the exhibition in the 1950s and 1960s, coal production reached 13.46 million tons in 1869. However, it dropped to 13.33 million tons in 1870.

The production of pig iron was only 110,000 tons in 1818, 250,000 tons in 183o, 470,000 tons in 1848, 1.38 million tons in 1869, and 1.17 million tons in 187o.

As for the production of steel, it seems even more backward.

France's steel production in 1851 was only 10,000 tons, and only reached 10,000 tons in 1869.

It fell to 80,000 tons in 187o.

The slow development of the steel industry has affected the machine manufacturing industry. Take steam engines as an example: the total power of steam engines in 1850 was 370,000 horsepower, and increased to 1.85 million horsepower in 1870.

The total power of the steam engine is much lower than that of Prussia.

The second is the issue of the proportion of industry in France. France's light industry has the advantage and the proportion of heavy industry is relatively small.

Among industrial enterprises, small enterprises account for a large proportion. Small enterprises with less than 10 workers account for 75% of the total number of enterprises, and large enterprises with more than 1,000 workers are as few as morning stars.

In the late 1860s, light industry accounted for 72.6% of the total industrial output value and heavy industry accounted for only 27.4%. In the light industry, the sectors that produce exquisite fashion, precious furniture and high-end luxury goods have always occupied an important position. Statistics from the late 1960s showed that the annual output value of clothing and luxury goods reached 1.5 billion francs, while the annual output value of the entire mining and metal processing industry was only 565 million francs.

Third, France's railway transportation is a weak link in the national economy.

In 1832, the railway from Saint-Ota to Lyon was officially opened to traffic. This was the first railway in France that used steam locomotives and transported passengers. In the late 1940s, there were about 3 ooo kilometers of railways. In 1869, the length of the railway line reached 176 ooo kilometers. In 187o, the year when the French-Prussian War broke out, the length of the French railway reached 17,924 kilometers, and that year, there were 21,471 kilometers of railways in Prussia. Not only was the length less than Prussia, but the construction degree was also lower than that of Prussia. German historian Treschke said well: When the major trunk lines in France were opened to traffic, Germany's main railways had been in operation for ten years.

Fourth, France's slow industrial development is also closely related to its agricultural conditions.

After the French bourgeois revolution, feudal land ownership was abolished and small land ownership for peasants was established.

Under small land ownership, although farmers can use the land freely, it will help the development of capitalism in agriculture.
To be continued...