In the long river of human history, many powerful countries have emerged.

The Qin State that unified the Central Plains, as well as the Han, Tang and Ming dynasties that followed were all central powers in the world.

Britain, which established its world hegemony in the 18th century.

The Chinese country that established its status as an Asian power at the end of the 19th century can also be considered one.

Since the reform of Emperor Hua, China, which has become increasingly powerful, has already faintly shown that it is competing with Britain.

The Chinese Kingdom and the Emperor made Westerners begin to re-understand Asia and China.

The development paths of these powerful countries in history vary, but the reasons for their rise are surprisingly similar. The common reason for their rise is institutional changes.

After the Madrid and the Spanish governments sorted out the general details of cooperation, Emperor Hua will continue to set off, and the itinerary below the Emperor Hua is France.

Originally, I was just passing by, passing through France, not meeting the top leaders of France, and going directly to Germany to complete this itinerary. This was the initial plan.

However, Emperor Hua temporarily changed his plan and decided to contact the upper class of France. It was always without any harm. Even the Emperor Hua planned to take a trip from Britain, and then passed through the Netherlands and Belgium from Britain, and finally went to Berlin, Germany.

The Emperor of China has now expanded its itinerary. Fortunately, Europe is so big. After China seized Siberia and Central Asia, the area of ​​the entire Europe is now not as big as that of China.

With a large area and a large population, we have won one after another on the international battlefield. These are three important conditions for Emperor Hua to increasingly improve his international status.

When Emperor Hua left Madrid, almost all the top leaders of the Spanish Kingdom came.

King Alfonso XII of Spain took Queen Maria Christina and a large number of royal members to the train station in person.

Even the Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Spain, Antonio, came. Antonio Canovas del Castillo had a good impression of the Emperor of China. If the Emperor of China did not come to Spain in person, they would even blindly think that China was just a foolish feudal dynasty. Just the Emperor of China alone would be enough to change the world's understanding of China. This is the power of diplomacy.

Alfonso XII and Prime Minister Antonio exchanged a few cordial greetings with the Emperor of China, all of which were all about scenes.

What Emperor Hua did not expect was that Queen Maria Christina, who had not had many opportunities to get in-depth during her time in Madrid, was very enthusiastic about him.

"Your Majesty, I really welcome you to Spain. I hope you will have the opportunity to see Your Majesty often in the future." Queen Maria Christina of Spain said with a gentle smile.

The cute president's heart moved. Maria Christina is a calm woman. There were many people present several times. Hua Huang saw that she was serious, but she had a gentle attitude towards herself. Hua Huang thought to herself, it should be because she was just a nine-year-old person?

Thinking of this would make Emperor Hua a little unwilling. Emperor Hua is the most annoying to think of him, especially the beauty.

The cute CEO smiled slightly, "I am also very grateful to His Highness. If the Queen hadn't been to the match, this trip to Spain would not have achieved such fruitful results."

"I am also very happy to see the Kingdom of Spain establish friendship with China." Maria Christina replied appropriately.

"I also wish our personal friendship with the queen a closer together." Princess Katrina Kaif smiled beside her, "I hope His Highness and His Majesty the King can take time to visit our country."

Maria Christina nodded, "There must be a chance, thank you."

Gege's foreign language is not good, he just keeps smiling beside him, and Maria Christina does not forget to say goodbye to Gege.

Everyone left Madrid in a very good atmosphere.

The nineteenth century was always a turbulent and revolutionary century for France.

The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was an important watershed in French history. It ended more than 1,000 years of feudal rule and began the period of establishment and development of capitalism.

The history of nearly 200 years since the French Revolution can be divided into three periods:

From the French Revolution to the Paris Commune (1789-1871), this period can be called the "century of revolution". During these 82 years, a total of five revolutions were carried out (1789, 1830, 1848, 1870, 1871).

The historical task of the French Revolution in 1789 was to overthrow the feudal autocratic rule, abolish the feudal system, establish a bourgeois regime, and develop capitalism.

From 1789 to 1794, the revolution developed along the ascending route, from the Paris People's Uprising on July 14, 1789, through three stages: constitutional monarchy, the Gironde Republic and the Jacobin democratic dictatorship.

On September 22, 1792, the First Republic of France was established.

In 1793, King Louis XVI was pushed to the guillotine, the Bourbon dynasty was overthrown, the feudal system was abolished, and the national forces at home and abroad were defeated. At the moment when the revolution continued to win, the contradictions within the revolutionary camp intensified.

In July 1794, various factions opposed to Robertsbyr united and launched a Hot Moon coup, subverting the Jacobins' rule.

In November 1799, Napoleon launched a coup in the mist and established a government. In 1804, Napoleon proclaimed himself emperor, changed the Republic to the First French Empire, abolished democracy and freedom, strengthened centralization, and promulgated the Civil Code, which legally maintained and consolidated the social and economic order of the capitalist ownership and the bourgeoisie, and played a positive role in the development of capitalism in France. Napoleon I encountered strong resistance to the aggressive war of Spain and Russia. He was defeated by the anti-French coalition in 1814 and abdicated. From March to June 1815, Napoleon I was once again in power for a hundred days and finally failed completely in Waterloo.

Louis XVIII, who restored the dynasty in 1814, promulgated the Charter to ensure that the economic order and bourgeois liberty rights established by the Great Revolution were not changed.

In 1820, the far right members of the royal party were in power and betrayed the Charter, which aroused the anger of the bourgeois liberals and the people.

In 1830, the July Revolution overthrew Charles X, replaced it with the July dynasty, and the regime fell into the hands of the great bourgeoisie.

In 1830, the Industrial Revolution emerged in France and set off a craze for construction and railways. From the 1930s to 1940s, workers' movements such as the workers' uprising in Lyon, the republican movement, and the democratic movements rose one after another, and finally became a huge stream.

The February Revolution in 1848 overthrew the July dynasty and established the Second French Republic.

The 1848 revolution caused all classes of the bourgeoisie to participate in power, and at the same time, the workers also put forward their own demands, arousing the fear of the bourgeoisie.

In June 1848, the Paris workers held an uprising and were brutally suppressed. In December of the same year, Louis Bonaparte used the peasants' superstition of Napoleon I to be elected president.

On December 2, 1851, Louis Bonaparte launched a coup and proclaimed himself emperor the following year, Napoleon III, and established the Second French Empire.

During the 18 years of the Second Empire's rule, the Industrial Revolution made great progress. Since the 1960s, the republic movement, the democratic movement and the workers' movement continued to rise. In early September 1870, Napoleon III's defeat in the French-Prussian War caused the September 4 revolution. The people of Paris overthrew the imperial system and declared the republic. The Third French Republic was established.

Emperor Hua was very interested in Louis Bonaparte and his son Napoleon III. Unfortunately, they were all dead and had no chance to meet him. Last time Emperor Hua traveled around the world as a businessman, he wanted to meet Napoleon III, but unfortunately he was not qualified.

In general, Emperor Hua still admired the French. Although the French army was very disappointed and would fail in wars, France's strength, the people's advanced ideas, and excellent industrial capabilities were all places that Emperor Hua could appreciate.

In 1870, after the end of the French-Prussian War, even with huge taxes and huge compensation, the French economy still developed, which also highlighted the overall level of a country, with a high level of education and a good foundation. If another big country had changed to such a catastrophic defeat, let alone set out again immediately and develop the economy, it would be a miracle to restore the domestic economy within twenty years.

France is now in the Third Republic.

In 1852, Napoleon III followed the footsteps of his uncle Napoleon I, becoming the French emperor and establishing the Second French Empire. However, due to the rise of Germany, the balance of power in Europe was changed, and the Second Empire lasted for only 18 years.

Prussian Prime Minister Bismarck led Prussia to become the leader of the German region. In order to arouse national sentiment in the German region, Bismarck established a unified German country. Through the Emsmith incident, Bismarck declared war on Prussia, which triggered the French-Prussian War in 1870.

After the Battle of Seedon in September 1870, Napoleon III was captured and the Second French Empire collapsed. On September 4, a coup occurred in France, the Second French Empire was overthrown, and the Third French Republic was established.

After the fall of Napoleon III's regime, most of the French and the majority of the National Assembly tended to implement constitutional monarchy, and thus two factions of successors to the throne emerged. The orthodox faction tended to support the descendant of Charles X - Henry, also known as Henry V.

The Orleans support Louis Philippe's descendant - Louis Philippe.

In 1871, the Orthodox and the Orleans reached a consensus that Henry took office as king and Louis Philippe was his heir. Henry himself did not want to implement a constitutional monarchy, but tended to follow the semi-monarchy practiced by his grandfather Charles X.

He even refused to use the tricolor flag symbolizing the French Revolution and the July Revolution to represent France. While trying to restore the constitutional monarchy, the French did not want to give up the tricolor flag. Then, Louis Philip, who was more inclined to free thought, succeeded to the throne.

On September 4, 1870, the Paris Revolution overthrew the Second Empire and announced the establishment of a republic, known as the Third Republic in history. At the beginning of the new regime, the bourgeois republicans and the royalists formed a national defense government.

Thier tried to establish a conservative republic, but was opposed by the royalists and the republicans.

In May 1873, Thier was forced to resign, and the extreme royalist McMahon was elected president. The right-wing forces continued to strengthen and establish a "moral order" that complies with the Catholic norms. The orthodox factions and the Orleans factions stepped up collusion to restore the dynasty system, and the republicans led by L. Gan Bida carried out a long and fierce struggle to establish the republic.

The National Assembly finally passed the 1875 Constitution with a narrow margin of one vote, affirming the republic in the form of law. In the 1876 House elections and in January 1879, the Republicans achieved a stable majority. With the support of the people, Gan Bida forced Mike-Mahon to resign, and the Republicans f.-p.-j. Grevi was elected president, and finally established a republic.

The Republicans were divided into moderate and radical factions. The period when Grevi was elected president was generally considered to be a period when the moderates ruled.

After the French-Prussian War, France's economic development was relatively slow, and its industrial output ranked fourth in the world. However, financial capital grew rapidly. France's route continued to advocate colonial expansion and expansion, and was preparing to launch wars of aggression in Africa, Indochina and other places to plunder land and resources.

During this period, the main contradiction between China and France came from the Indochina Peninsula. As the number one power in Asia, the Emperor of China even put forward the slogan of Asianism, which were all in conflict with France's attempt to invade the Indochina Peninsula. France's main target of invasion of Southeast Asia was Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam.

The actual main contradiction between Britain and China was also concentrated on the southeastern coastal islands of China. India became a British colony in 1857, and in addition, the British tentacles of power also extended to Myanmar and Malaya, and Singapore became a colony.
Chapter completed!