[1242 Extension of British Isolation outside Europe]
Frederick and his tax collectors tried their best to raise funds in Prussia, but compared with Britain, Prussia's strength would be eclipsed.
During the war, Britain had a fleet of more than 120 battleships, and the military roster had an army of more than 200,000 people, including German mercenaries, and also provided funding for Prussia.
In fact, the Seven Years War cost about £160 million of the fiscal year's war, of which £60 million (37%) were raised in the financial market.
Although further growth in government bonds caused uneasiness among Pete's colleagues and led to his resignation in October 1761, the country's overseas trade grew, increasing tariff revenues and promoting national prosperity.
This is an excellent example of profit turning into strength, and British naval power is used (for example in the West Indies) to ensure national profit growth.
As the British Ambassador to Prussia was told, we must be merchants before we become soldiers, and trade and naval forces depend on each other.
Moreover, the real resources and wealth of our country depend on its trade.
On the contrary, the economies of all other belligerent countries suffered severe losses in this war, and even in France, French Prime Minister Schwarzer sadly admitted: "In Europe under the current circumstances, it is colonial trade and naval power that determine the balance of power on the mainland."
Like all other countries that cannot fight without allowances from major trade powers, the Austrian royal family, the Russian royal family and the Prussian king were just second-rate monarchs.
The same is true for China. Without a strong navy, the Emperor of China is not even as good as a second-rate monarch, because the influence of China cannot reach the surrounding areas of China at all. At most, it has some influence in South Asia and East Asia.
The military arts of the Army and Navy shown by the British-Prussian Alliance were reflected in several aspects after the initial setbacks: at sea, the huge Royal Navy under Anson gradually established a blockade of the French Atlantic ports, and still had the energy to build a barrier outside the Port of Toulon, and at the same time regained its dominant position in the Mediterranean.
When the fleet was near Lagos and Cartagena was really in a fight, Hawke led the unparalleled fleet to pursue Confran's fleet in a storm and storm, pushing it straight into the harbor of Kiberon.
During these battles, the British Navy repeatedly showed superb navigation technology.
Not only that, the British Navy squadron, which had a comprehensive logistics supply system, imposed an all-weather blockade on France.
The British blockade policy not only stifled most of France's maritime trade, thus protecting the security of Britain's commerce and its territory, but also prevented France from sending enough reinforcements to the West Indies, Canada and India.
1759 was a year full of miracles. France fell into the hands of Britain in colonies around the world, which greatly encouraged the British and German coalition forces to defeat the two French troops in Minden to achieve great victory.
When Spain foolishly entered the war in 1762, the same fate fell on its colonies in the Caribbean and Philippines.
At the same time, the Brandenburg royal family has also seen its own "miracle".
In the two battles between Rosbach and Lesson, Frederick not only destroyed a French army and an Austrian army, but also defeated the two countries' attempts to approach North Germany.
After Frederick defeated the Austrians again in Lignitz and Torgo in 1760, Vienna was almost at the end of his journey.
However, the price of these battles alone was slowly dragging down the Prussian army (losing 60,000 soldiers in 1759 alone), and the strong enemy Russia had proved much stronger, partly because of Elizabeth's deep hatred of Frederick, but mainly because every encounter with the Russian army was full of corpses and blood flowing.
The other belligerents felt that France was eager to reach a compromise with Britain, which was now ready to make peace, but Prussia discovered that it had enough power to prevent the Austrians and Russians from moving forward until Elizabeth died in 1762 and saved them.
After Elizabeth's death, the new Tsar Peter quickly withdrew from the war, so that no better outcome could be expected, whether Austria or France, except for reconciliation on the basis of restoring the pre-war European situation.
Resuming pre-war stance in Europe actually means the failure of countries that want to destroy Prussia.
Great Britain was obviously the one who made profits from the settlement between 1762 and 1763.
Even after returning the captured territories to France and Spain, Britain still made great progress in the West Indies and West Africa.
It basically eliminated France's influence in India, and most importantly, Britain has become the dominant part of most parts of the North American continent.
In this way, Britain occupied other vast and rich lands that were fiercely contested by Lorraine, Silesia and mainland countries.
In addition, Britain suppressed France's diplomatic and military ambitions in Europe, thus ensuring a general balance of power.
In contrast, France not only suffered heavy losses overseas, but also failed in its native Europe, unlike in 1748.
In fact, the French Army's unrestrained performance in the war indicates that Europe's center of gravity has shifted from Western Europe to Eastern Europe.
The British spent 400 years continuously expanding and merged into the 34 million square kilometers of Sun-Down Empire, and then spent 100 years to continuously split, reorganize and divest back to the starting point 500 years ago.
There were signs of decline, and the independence movements in various colonies emerged again after the end of World War I.
Compared with the colony, Britain itself cares more about the economic benefits obtained based on the imperial special offer system.
But they did not do this, and Hua Huang saw this clearly.
This is also the reason why relations between Britain and France have suddenly improved since the 19th century.
Frances, Louis XIV, Napoleon and Britain had fought many times, not to mention the deep hatred of the Hundred Years War. Britain also had several anti-French alliances. However, after Napoleon was defeated, France never fought with Britain again and joined the Holy Alliance. Later, it fought with Britain in the Qing Dynasty, Lucia, and Germany became good friends.
It was once difficult for Emperor Hua to understand two adjacent world superpowers, just say it.
Whether it is the Qing Dynasty or the colonization of other places, they are just small-scale fights.
The Crimean War is just a manifestation of the mainland's balance of power policy.
What really changes Britain's national policy is a sincere agreement.
From a later life perspective, this is a compromise move for British diplomacy, a victory for French diplomacy, and a failure for German diplomacy.
It led the entire Europe to war and destruction.
The UK pursues the policy of "balance of power in the mainland and glorious isolation".
On the European continent, no one can compare to anyone else.
He always opposes the boss of the European continent and unites with two, three, four, five and six to oppose the boss.
At that time, France was the most powerful country on the European continent, so it formed an anti-French alliance seven times to defeat Napoleon.
After Napoleon's failure, the Russian Cossack cavalry was the first to invade Paris, so Russia called itself the "European military police" and did whatever it wanted.
Britain was very worried and had to unite its former enemies and defeat its former allies together.
Britain's national policy started with Elizabeth I. As a maritime country, the highest pursuit of international politics is "glorious independence". Independence outside Europe, whoever dominates Europe is like a gopher, making an offshore balancer.
After defeating Napoleon, Tsarist Russia became the European military police at that time, so of course Britain had to turn the finger on and make good friends with France.
The same history can also be compared to Britain's appeasement policy towards Germany after World War I, and it is also based on an offshore balance consideration.
In the words of the Germans, no one can be separated from the fact that Britain will not be sincere. It is just looking for someone to block bullets in Europe.
Britain wants to maintain a balance of power in the mainland.
As the saying goes, there are no eternal friends or eternal enemies, only eternal interests.
The British have this kind of foreign policy in Europe, extending to the world, and the same concept is the same. They call for a balance of power on the surface, but in fact, because they are already the hegemon and have obtained the vast majority of land, the only major country in Asia, China, is impossible for Britain to let it develop.
Before the 19th century, both the Sun King and Napoleon were the European overlords, and they were not necessarily just awesome in the world.
By the mid-to-late 19th century, France became cowardly and Prussia began to be awesome.
So the British think it's time to change their ally.
This is how the established impression that Emperor Hua formed over a long period of time, as if the relationship between Britain and France has always been very good.
There are two perspectives from diplomatic perspectives: First, the peace under Britain was to put it bluntly that Britain's world hegemony was truly established during this period. So much so that no country hoped to go to war with such a powerful UK, including France. Second, gloriously isolated Britain did not directly use its own strength, but instead used it as a bargaining weight on the balance of diplomacy on the European continent, allowing other countries to contribute, and to support themselves in the back, trying to ensure a balance of power. In response to Britain's approach, it is wise to welcome Britain's support and strive to bring closer relations with Britain rather than confrontation, which of course also includes France.
Outside Europe, although the speed of China's rise did not panic for the British, it is an indisputable fact that China has the strength to become the world hegemon. Therefore, suppressing China will not change its national policy.
When Emperor Hua completely understood this, his thinking gradually became clearer, but the pressure became greater and greater. He had a little fantasy before. The weak always hoped that the strong would be more friendly to them, even if they were pretending. Obviously, the British didn't even plan to pretend.
Britain and France support Japan in order to curb Tsarist Russia's development in the Far East. Now, supporting Japan can also curb China's development in Asia.
Chapter completed!