The word Liaoze changed with the change of dynasties.

From the end of the Tang Dynasty to the end of the Song Dynasty, Liao Ze refers to plain swamps south of Shenyang, and occasionally also refers to swamp wetlands in the West Liao River.

When the Western Liao River Plain was in the Liao Kingdom, due to excessive cultivation, the swamp turned directly into a desert.

So in the Ming Dynasty, Liaoze specifically pointed to the swamp belt of the Liaohe Plain. In the long run, the swamp there not only did not shrink, but instead expanded with the accumulation of silt and the river water overflowed. The people who broke into Guandong in the late Qing Dynasty vigorously reclaimed the swamp land, which allowed Liaoze to shrink rapidly, and the real and thorough rectification was still in the New China.

Because the fundamental reason for managing Liaoze is to systematically manage rivers!

At this moment, the Governor of Liaohe was in Shenyang, and he had already come up with a comprehensive plan. Restoring Changguang Road is only the first step in the project.

By the Liao River.

Tian Diaoyuan, the governor of Liaohe River, pointed to the river map that was unfolded by his subordinates and said: "Your Highness, I spent six months visiting and investigating the waters around Liaoze. The root of Liaoze's continuous expansion is that the grasslands in the upper reaches have become deserts. The Liao water is like the Yellow River, carrying a large amount of silt and sand alluvial downstream. The riverbed is constantly raised, and the river channel changes continuously, and it will flood into disasters at any time."

"First, a ban on reclamation and grazing areas are designated upstream, and Mongols are not allowed to grazle, nor are Han people allowed to reclaim them, so as to prevent the desert from continuing to grow larger."

"Secondly, the existing river water network was formed in the Ming Dynasty, extremely unstable and prone to flooding. Among them, the Hun River and the Taizi River carry less mud and sand, which can retain its inherent river channel and still flow into the Sanfan River into the sea. The main trunk of the Liao River must move westward. According to the direction of the terrain, rivers are dug in the valley west of Shalingyi, where there is a river from Xixingbao. The main trunk of the Liao River is led, the two rivers meet, and flow together through Panshan (Panjin) into the sea."

"Third, the two Liao Rivers, east and west, have fixed river channels and built up river embankments along the river."

Zhao Kuanghuan said: "It's a big project."

Tian Tiaoyuan said: "So at the beginning of the founding of the country, there was no control of Liao. At least 100,000 civilians had to be used. At that time, there was a lack of sufficient manpower. Now the total population of the three counties involved is nearly 400,000, and it is feasible to draw 100,000 people to control the river. The court has issued an order that the taxes of the whole family for the people participating in the control of the river can be reduced by half. If more than two males in the family can be exempted from the taxes of the family that year."

To put it bluntly, you don’t give your wages, you just need to reduce the land tax.

After all, if the Liaohe River is well managed, the local people will also benefit, and the people are willing to work hard for a year or two.

Zhao Kuanghuan said: "If we can cure the chronic disease of Liaoze, the northeast can be safe. A hundred years later, the land of these three counties alone can reproduce millions of Han people. Which tribe in the northeast dares to rebel?"

Tian Tiaoyuan said: "Not only that, after the main trunk of the Liao River moves westward, there will be less silt in the east. The river water will wash away the mud and sand into the sea for a long time, and the water level of the Sanfan River will be deeper. It only takes 20 or 30 years to wash the Sanfan River to build a harbor. At that time, the cargo from the grassland can also be shipped directly to the seaside."

What does it mean to be able to load goods from the Liaohe grassland directly into the sea?

It means that the Mongolians there rebelled, and the southern army could cross the sea to the mouth of the Sanban River, and then take an inland river boat to the grassland to quell the rebellion!

Zhao Kuanghuan looked at the map, thinking.

He looked up again and saw a large swamp in the distance, and in the near future, it seemed that it had become fertile fields.

"River engineering and water conservancy are a major event for the country." Zhao Kuanghuan sighed.

Tian Tiaoyuan smiled and said, "There is also a sufficient treasury, otherwise where can we get the money? Water conservancy construction is being built in the Northeast? During the Ming Dynasty, for more than 200 years, there was no funding to manage the Liaohe River and Liaoze. Because it is remote here, it is just a long and Changguang Road connecting the traffic, and there is no need to spend more money and grain to manage it."

"Indeed," Zhao Kuanghuan nodded, "If the Ming Dynasty could allocate funds to rectify Liaoze, it would be unlikely that the Tartars would have caused trouble. Alas, we can't say that. The Northeast was rotten in the late Ming Dynasty, and curing Liaoze would probably not suppress the rise of the Tartars."

When he returned to the Duke of Liao, Zhao Kuanghuan told Pang Chunlai all about the situation today.

Pang Chunlai was still lying in the yard basking in the sun, looking at the tree canopy above his head and said, "It is a good thing to cure Liaoze. But if you can stabilize the northeast, you have to rely on officials to govern. If the administration is clear and clear, there will be nothing in the world. If the administration is corrupt, then thieves will rise up. When I was young, I was ignorant and felt that everything was normal. I could not see countless military households in Liaodong, and my life was worse than beggars. I could not see the countless soldiers in Liaodong, but they were just slaves of hereditary military officers."

"A such an army cannot fight. Such people will instead go to the Tartars. Even if the Ming Dynasty cured Liaoze and millions of Han people were added, they would be just a group of military slaves. Maybe they would rebel themselves."

Zhao Kuanghuan echoed: "The old man said yes."

Pang Chun said: "For kings and officials, you must look down. You cannot just look up at the sky and try to figure out the will of heaven. You cannot look down at all living beings and treat all the people as straw dogs. You have to walk down the platform, stand on the plain, integrate into the vast number of living beings, and see what the people want. This principle is what I figured out on the way to escape after the fall of Liaodong."

Zhao Kuanghuan said: "The people are the most important, the country is the next, and the king is the least important."

"Everyone can say this, but it is difficult to do it," Pang Chunlai Dun Dun taught, "You grow up with the golden key in your arms. No matter how close you are to the people, you will never be able to experience the sufferings of the people. Your father and I have personally experienced and witnessed it. Corrupt officials, gentry and powerful people have no place to take advantage of the people. If you ascend the throne in the future, if you have different ideas, don't rush to do it or implement the new policy. On the contrary, you must strictly grasp your father's old policy, don't amnesty the world, but kill corrupt officials and powerful people to express your attitude, otherwise the local area will be in a mess!"

"Why?" Zhao Kuanghuan asked.

Pang Chunlai sneered: "How many people are hoping that your father will die soon!"

Zhao Kuanghuan frowned. He understood why his father wanted to come to Liaoning by himself. His real intention was to let him listen to Pang Chunlai's teachings.

After a long time, Zhao Kuanghuan bowed and said, "My grandson understands."

Pang Chunlai wanted to shake his head, but he could only twist his neck with difficulty: "You don't fully understand, you will know only after you ascend the throne. Knowing people and not your heart, at this moment, they will not show their faces. When you become emperors, those ministers who are desperately praising you, you must be vigilant, and you must check their old backgrounds and what they are doing in private."

"The grandson understands." Zhao Kuanghuan said.

Pang Chunlai sighed: "Oh, you still don't understand. A great treacherous is like a loyalty. If you first ascend to the great treasure in the future and are eager to control the court, how can you refuse the loyalty of the important officials? You will definitely use some people, and even if you find out that they are not clean, you may not be willing to punish them. You are very similar to your father, but the biggest difference is that you are not as cruel as your father. You are too kind and righteous, sometimes you can't take action. Due to your personality, you can't change it. A saint is ruthless, and the emperor is a saint, and sometimes you must be ruthless."

Zhao Kuanghuan said: "The grandson is not so kind to a woman."

Pang Chunlai asked: "If your favorite concubine, the family, was a mermaid, but did not cause any death, what would you do?"

"According to the law," Zhao Kuanghuan said.

Pang Chunlai asked again: "The family of the favorite concubine was exiled according to the law. After three or five years, the favorite concubine came to blow the pillow wind and said that the matter was over. The old parents were old and were ill in the exile place for a long time. Please allow him to return to his hometown to take care of him. Will you agree? Don't rush to answer, think more about it yourself."

Zhao Kuanghuan wanted to speak but stopped. He felt that he was definitely not favoritism, but Pang Chunlai's words made him suspicious.

Pang Chun said: "Don't look at this as a small matter. If there are too many such small matters, all the civil and military officials in the court will feel that you are lenient."

A similar emperor, Jiaqing is a typical example.

Emperor Jiaqing, who had just taken power, was simply a "little Yongzheng". He worked hard to govern, implemented new policies, focused on people's livelihood, rectified officials, gathered power, and cracked down on corruption. He could easily identify which ministers were deceiving themselves. He also said that the White Lotus Rebellion that swept several provinces was a group of refugees who could not eat enough, and could be solved by improving people's livelihood.

However, Jiaqing, who tried to be the "Little Yongzheng", ended up being the "Little Qianlong".

Because he found that he could not change anything, he wanted to restore Mulan paddock, but such a small thing was not done for twenty years.

Why is this happening?

Jiaqing studied Yongzheng everywhere, but he was not as cruel and decisive as Yongzheng. He demoted the important officials who committed the crime of deceiving the monarch and then resumed their posts after being exiled, and the same person could be exiled several times.

After a while, no one took the emperor seriously anymore.

Anyway, if you are guilty of deceiving the emperor, you will only be exiled. After exile, you can still be reinstated. Just treat it as a trip to Ningguta for a few years. All officials are scrambling to deceive the emperor. As long as it is an imperial edict that goes against their own interests, they will join forces and resolutely not implement it, which will make the Jiaqing new policy a mess.

Therefore, Jiaqing's temple name is "Renzong", which has the same taste as Zhu Houzhao's father.

As night fell, Zhao Kuanghuan, who had dinner, sat in Pang Chunlai's study and closed his eyes and pondered.

The emperor is a saint, and the saint should be ruthless. This sentence touched the prince a lot.

With Zhao Han's various methods in mind, Zhao Kuanghuan seemed to have touched the threshold.

Among the founding emperors of all dynasties, Zhao Han was relatively kind. Among the founding officials, the highest-ranking minister was the Left Minister. While he was kind, he was indeed ruthless and was very harsh to his relatives and relatives.

How to be kind and ruthless?

Suddenly, Zhao Kuanghuan thought clearly what Pang Chun said, don’t rush to amnesty the world after ascending the throne, but instead focus on the old policies and express your attitude.

The first thing he did to ascend the throne was to issue an order to investigate the country's land affairs and clean up corrupt officials across the country.

Through the investigation, we will kill a group of people to establish their authority!

It is best to use a relative of the foreign country to kill the chicken to warn the monkey.

At that time, he would talk to his father everywhere, and he would face the important officials who would fight against him. He would also turn to himself completely and welcome flattering officials everywhere. He would dismiss one or two of them, demonstrating his selflessness and wiseness.

It turns out that this is the ruthless saint. Zhao Kuanghuan only realized this at this time, and he still has a longer way to go.

When the lights are turned on, the fire is brighter. Zhao Kuanghuan puts a pen and writes the word "正".
Chapter completed!