7. May the world be public
Han Yu's words were "Father is the public."
The law is by no means developed by the emperor alone, but by discussion between the emperor and the wise. This is "public" and "communist". First of all, "the world is the public", and then you can "republicize the world". The two complement each other and make an appointment to guard each other.
As for the emperor himself, it is absolutely impossible to question and inviolate. His origin should be the agent of the destiny of heaven in the world. As long as he violates the "public" law, he is rebelling against the destiny of heaven. Then, according to Mencius, the emperor will become a single husband.
Why is the emperor not a single man? How can he be ruled with a pride? Han Yu told Gao Yue that the emperor uses "member title" and "member honor" to raise wise men with high character, and the wise men will govern the world for the emperor and protect the country. By analogy, the wise men with high character, select middle-class people, serve as doctors, follow officials, share the power of governing government, and maintain local prefectures and counties. Then, the middle-class people of Li Yuan: the relationship between the people and the top-class people of the wise men, Han Yu believes that it is a relationship of "mutual care". The people work hard to pay taxes to support the wise men, and the wise men work hard to educate the people. The people cannot shirk responsibility, and the wise men cannot harm the people. Among the people, Han Yu believes that it is also a relationship of "mutual care". Farmers want to farm textiles, workers need to make tools, and merchants
They are responsible for the mutual exchange of existence and whether they are in the same way. They all work hard to give birth to others, so they have the right to be protected and treated well. Therefore, Han Yu divided people into "six people": scholars and people include the emperor, wise people, as well as peasants, workers, business people, and scholars and people who live on the same house, belong to those who work hard; the other three people are subordinate, belong to those who work hard, but should be equal to each other; there are also two people, which are monks and Taoist people mentioned by Han Yu. These two people do not work hard, nor do they have to give birth to others, and they get it without work. They are the decaying class of food, and they are the same as those of low-grade fighting shavings, and they must be "punished" (Han Yu has a saying that the people are punished, and later generations Tan Sitong and Yan Fu criticized them severely, but Han Yu was actually wronged. Han Yu said that the people are only for monks and Taoist people. For other working people, Han Yu advocated to take care of them)!
In other words, Han Yu no longer opposes industry and business. Han Yu believes that as long as industry and commerce can produce benefits, can give birth to the world, and the methods are in line with moral laws and regulations, that is right and worthy of encouragement.
"The theory of Chuzhi is becoming more and more mature. I remember that I once told Master Yan that from then on, I will enter the state of giving up on me. From this point of view, giving up on me means hoping to achieve the point of being the public in the world..." Gao Yue has keenly captured Han Yu's entire theory, which is a simple contract theory.
Society can be divided into classes, but there must be order between them. The basis of this order is that each class can achieve a balance of interests, can each live in peace, and has a considerable flow. In this way, it can maintain a forward vitality while maintaining stability and prosperity.
The people have signed a contract with the ruling class by paying taxes, which requires protection and kindness from the ruling class; but once the ruling class has become more and more levied, the purpose is to raise the "guarding ministers" and the "army of minions" for their own exclusive use, then this contract will be automatically declared ruined: according to Han Yu's philosophy, the people can choose another promising sage without having to wait rigidly for the cycle.
This is Han Yu’s biggest correction to his previous cycle theory - introducing a dynamic evaluation mechanism.
"Donald Wei, the idea of being a public servant is indeed contrary to the idea of family and world. Since the Tang Dynasty, Emperor Taizong has been regarded as a sage-level figure who was 'open and promoted'. However, he still thinks that feudalism is not the same, but that Emperor Taizong has the heart of 'public world'. This is the real extraordinary and mediocre place for Emperor Taizong. Even if he kills his brothers, how can he be worthy of Emperor Taizong? It is just relying on Emperor Taizong's blessings and shades of blessings are like land and money, and it will not only increase or decrease. According to the view of the hegemon, the emperor has control over the world alone, and has no virtue or power. He must share the same affairs with the wise and the princes."
"What about the human heart of Yuanyuan?" Gao Yue continued to ask Han Yu.
Han Yu answered even more calmly: "The wars from Xichuan to Japan are endless, and the northwest is invaded by Xifan for years. Heshuo is separatist to resist the king's orders. The bandits in Jianghuai are rampant, and the people in the world are poisoned by war and are in great pain. How can the emperor solve this alone? It is precisely by establishing a chaotic decree that Wei Ling (Wei Gao official is in charge of the Central Secretariat) to conquer Xichuan Dongchuan. Duke Wei Guo, you first conquer Xingyuan, Fengxiang, and Huainan, and then in order to achieve the current situation of Zhongxing.
What people want and what the saints hope for is to let the wise men take power. Moreover, the wise men are different from the 'defense minister' whom the emperor is personally responsible for. What the wise men care about is the people of the world, and what the wise men do is to cater to the monarch only to cater to the monarch, and how can they have true compassion for the people? The wise men are what the people of the world expect; and the wise men are all about the 'defense minister' whom the emperor is private likes and dislikes, so how can they be said to the same thing?"
Hearing this, Gao Yue pondered, and after a long time he said to Han Yu: "In my opinion, both counties and feudalism have good and bad things, and we cannot discuss them together. But what you said about the world is a fairness, which really touched my heart. The Pingman of Lingnan has now been completed, and Fengshan Xiyue is also close in front of me. Then, I, Wei Gao, Du You, and other Fang Zhenjieshang, are all going to the capital. The debate between the county and feudalism must have a result."
At this time, the chirping of crickets in the courtyard came. Gao Yue looked at Han Yu and invited him sincerely, "Get out and join me in the Fengshan Celebration..."
Han Yu immediately understood that Duke Wei’s meaning was to use himself as his “mouth tongue” to truly explore the direction of the country and its future concept.
He also knew that the current thoughts of Chang'an City and the torrent of light and darkness of various forces would inevitably revolve around the dispute between counties and feudalism, causing no smoke of gunpowder, but far more fierce than the battlefield.
Moreover, Gao Yue said to him personally: "There is no small number of remarks that I have a disobedient heart. If you go to Fengshan Celebration with me and act as my mouthpiece, then your cliques will probably not be able to get rid of my reputation."
"It's a blessing to be a party with Duke Wei!"
At this moment, Han Yu was not afraid, he was only grateful and excited.
Thank you, Gao Yue gave himself the opportunity to speak out for the world.
Excitedly, he will exhaust all his life and learn, leave his voice in this torrential era, and may resonate for thousands of years later.
Han Yu's tears flowed unconsciously, and he bowed deeply to the Duke of Wei in the snow-white summer clothes.
How can we be silent in the bushes of weeds?
If you don’t make a sound, you will make a splash.
Han Yu was still unable to sleep after riding a horse back home late at night. His thoughts were as uncontrollable as the flood broke through the dam. He immediately surrounded the desk in the dormitory, trembling all over.
He had to form an article of thought, not only for the upcoming big debate, but also for the purpose of being able to flow into future generations.
This excitement that breaks out of the cocoon is by no means suppressed by sleepiness!
A candlelight lit up, Xue Tao, who was wearing clothes and couch, appeared beside him, and then said to him gently: "If you have anything, please write it. I'll go and cook tea for you..."
Chapter completed!