Chapter 184 The First Shot

Before the Lugou Bridge Incident, Japan was already a crazy country with militarism.

The so-called "militarism" is explained in China's "Cihai": "The country is completely under military control, and all militaristic ideas and actions for invasion and expansion." Japan's "Guangciyuan" explains in this way

: "The country's politics, economy, law, education and other policies, organizations prepare for war, attach importance to the development of arms forces to the outside world, and use war to promote national prestige."

Although the words are a bit different, the basic meaning is the same. That is, the army is lawless, the government cannot manage the army, the army can manage the government, everything is for invasion and expansion.

The originator of Japanese militarism is Akito Yamashita.

The origin of the modern Japanese army can be traced back to 1871 after the Meiji Restoration. In this year, Satsuma, Nagashu, and Tosa Sanfan dedicated 6,300 "Imperial soldiers" to the Emperor. Emperor Meiji carried out the "abolition of the vassal" based on this force.

The reform of establishing counties. These "virtuous soldiers" were later renamed "Guards".

In 1877 (the tenth year of Meiji), the biggest hero of the Meiji Restoration, who was kicked out of power by internal strife, was the army general and former guard general Takamori Saigo launched a large-scale rebellion known as the "Southwest War" and headed north from Kagoshima and Kyushu.

Surrounded Kumamoto. The banner of rebellion of Takamoto Saigo was unknown, but it turned out to be "I have something to say to the government". He also spoke, saying that he wanted to go to Osaka and Tokyo to take a walk.

The Meiji government sent a civil servant named Prince Chiren as the governor of the expedition, and found two military generals, Lieutenant General Yama Prefecture, and Lieutenant General Kawamura Junyi to help join the army and began to suppress the rebellion. The troops were not strong enough, so the Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department was

The police (called "Penal" at the time) also went to the front line to fight their lives.

This fight lasted for seven months and finally suppressed the rebellion. Afterwards, I summed up the lessons and learned three things, one was the civil servants who took charge of the command, the other was the general who asked for instructions in everything and the other was that there was no good adviser.

After it came out, it played a key role in the future development of the Japanese army.

Unexpectedly, just after summarizing the lesson here, the Takebashi Mutiny broke out there. More than 200 artillery soldiers were fucked by problems such as military pay and merit. In the Takemoto barracks, they set up cannons and opened them to the house of Okuma Shigenobu, the Minister of Okuma.

It's right.

This incident provided an opportunity for Yama Prefecture Akito to establish a militarist system in Japan.

At this time, Yuto Yama Prefecture had become the Army Master of the Meiji Government of Japan. In order to maintain military power, he took the military command from the government and parliament as an excuse to prevent domestic politics from swaying the army as an excuse to take the military command from the government and the parliament and handed it directly to the Emperor.

.This is Japan's unique "independence of command and command". In the Meiji Constitution formulated by Hirobu Ito, which is the Constitution of the Great Japanese Empire, it is stated that the emperor commands the army and navy, rather than the emperor being the commander of the army and navy. This is for Japan

The formation of a dual system of military system, military and military orders and separation provides a legal basis. In today's view, the dual system of military and military orders is actually political strategy and military strategy deviates from military strategy, which will inevitably lead to inconsistency between politics and military affairs, and is the biggest country

Hirofumi Ito did not think so until his death. This loophole in the constitution he formulated eventually became a black hole that buried the empire he and many people.

The symbol of the dual system of military and military orders was the establishment of the General Staff Headquarters on December 5, 1878. Originally, in the Southwest War, the problems of poor military orders, poor command and poor staff were exposed, and it was indeed necessary to strengthen the Provincial Staff Bureau of the Army.

But Aritoto Yamashita independentized the General Staff Bureau and established the General Staff Headquarters. He became the first chief of staff, directly under the leadership of the Emperor, and directly in charge of the army, making the government's military and naval provinces become military and political departments, and the general staff

The headquarters has become a military order department. In this way, the government will only recruit soldiers and raise soldiers. As for what the soldiers recruited, it will become the affairs of the General Staff Headquarters. If the government asks about it, it will infringe on the power of commander.

With the law and the system, the General Staff Headquarters, the main command body for promoting militarism, was established, but there was a lack of vanguards. So a group of war madmen, later known as the "Showa Warlords" who graduated from the Army University, appeared.

Yamashita Akito and his group began to decide to start the Army University to cultivate staff. Of course, these staff members later became the chief officers of the Japanese army, and those who did not become chief officers were also working hard to become chief officers.

The tutor of the Army University invited by the Japanese was Major Merkel, a German student. The students recruited were all from the Army Non-commissioned Officer School, served for more than 2 years, and were under 28 years old, and artillery and engineer lieutenants under 30 years old.

This enrollment method and system have three major hidden dangers. First, Merkel is just a tactical expert and cannot understand Clausewitz's "On War". Although his tactical class was very successful, from maps to sand tables to scenes.

All are remarkable. But that only trained a group of regiment-level commanders, which led to the Japanese army being able to fight beautifully in a single battle, and they would undoubtedly lose in national-level wars. Second, the students recruited were all from Army Primary Schools

, Army Middle School, Army Non-commissioned Students who have passed the exam all the way can win the 10% admission rate of Army University. However, these students grew up in the military environment, do not understand society or politics, and learn

What is war, and what can be war is war. Once they take up leadership positions and have no strength to restrict them, it is conceivable what they can do. Third, the Army University does not have a baggage subject, which forms

The consequences of later generations of Japanese troops not paying attention to logistics and military discipline were corrupt.

The Army University was founded in 1882, enrolled students in 1883, and graduates began in 1885. There were only about 10 people in each of the dozen sessions. It was not until the 13th session of the 1899 period (due to the 1895 War of 1894) that the school was suspended for two years.

It has stabilized to about 40 people in each session, and it has increased to about 50 people in the 21st period in 1909. It has not been until the 54th period in 1941 that the number of graduates has begun to expand, and the 60th period in 1945 has reached 120 people in the 60th period in 1945.

The previous 59th issue was 199. That is to say, there were only about 3,000 graduates in 60 years, and the average number of people was only about 50 per year. The Japanese army also stipulated that only after graduation from the Mainland University can they be staff members, which formed Japan

The heads of the army are all unique phenomena of being a staff member, because only the staff member can climb up.

In the eyes of foreigners, the army belongs to the government leaders, and the staff of the army is just the staff of the chief officer. The so-called staff member does not lead the chief, and it does not taste good to fart. What if he leads the chief, what can he do? But Japan is different from others. The army is the same as others.

Command the government, commanding the chief officer, and young soldiers were used to defeating the superiors. These staff members who graduated from the Army University regarded the land of China as a paradise for their achievements, and acted recklessly, causing a bloody storm.

At this time, the Japanese government cabinet had a military province, a naval province, a military minister and a naval minister, which were commonly known as the land minister and the sea minister. They all had active army and representative naval generals. If the government's decisions were not in line with the interests of the military, the interests of the military.

Once these two people resign, as long as the military no longer sends new candidates to serve as mainland prime ministers and maritime ministers, the cabinet will naturally collapse. Therefore, the Japanese government cabinet is the most likely cabinet to collapse in the world.

Ayuto Yama Prefecture, the founder of Japanese militarism and the source of Japanese aggression and expansion, followed the path of the Chief of Staff - Secretary of the Interior - Chief of Staff - Prime Minister - Minister of Justice - Speaker of the Privy Council - Prime Minister, and finally gathered politics.

The military, police and officials are all in power.

After building a militarist system, Yamashita Akitori proposed the goal of becoming an "Oriental overlord".

Yutoto Yama County died in 1922. In addition to being a military bureaucrat during his lifetime, he also served as the third and ninth prime ministers of the Japanese government, and fabricated and issued the infamous "Public Security Police Law", which was a bad thing. He was in a lifetime of

Japan's greatest contribution was his death. In the words of the second-generation president of the Liberal Democratic Party, the Prime Minister of Japan, and the friend of Prime Minister Zhou Gong Enlai, that is, "The death of Yama County is a contribution to society."

After Yamashita Aritomo's death, Japanese militarism had taken shape. His disciples and grandchildren further improved Japan's mainland policy and realized the goal of occupying North Korea and seizing Manchuria and Mongolia one by one. At this time, Japan had fallen into the madness of expanding externally and punishing China.

In confusion. Not to mention the fanatical militarists in the military headquarters, most of the ordinary people are crazy. They look forward to the expansion of the invasion of the Emperor, the military headquarters, and the Imperial Army warriors, and will bring greater benefits to them.

If someone keeps a little sober, he will definitely become a stumbling block in the eyes of the Japanese.

Now, the Japanese stared at North China like hungry wolves.

What is due to come is always coming.

After provoking the North China Incident, the Japanese army did not stop. On the one hand, they joined in to win over and divide the Song Zheyuan Hebei-Chahar government, and on the other hand, they actively prepared for war. The protagonist of the preparation was the North China garrison troops.

In 1936, the young Japanese military officers launched the "226 Incident". Although they were quickly suppressed, the consequences were very serious. It was a milestone in Japan's modern and modern history. This incident first induced the Japanese army's "Supreme Army."

"The movement, the second was that it led to Hirota's cabinet coming to power. Hirota did two things, one was that under the threat of the military headquarters, the already abolished active-duty system of ministers, and the other was that it signed the German "Germany and Japan" with Germany.

Joint Defense of the Communist Party Agreement". Although this agreement was carried out by Major General Oshima Oshima, the Japanese military attaché in Tokugawa, was carried out by the government, it has been more than half a year since the Ministry of Foreign Affairs learned. Historically, Hirota Shigeta, as a civil servant after the war, was listed as Class A

The war criminal was hanged because the consequence of these two things he did was war. "From the 226th Incident", political party politics completely withdrew from the Japanese political stage, and the government became a tool for the military. The military led Japan to do its best.

He rushed onto the road of no return to the war of aggression.

The North China Garage Army was originally called the "Qing Garage Army". Because its headquarters was located in Haiguang Temple in Tianjin, also known as the Tianjin Garage Army, it was a Japanese garrison in China according to the "Xin Chou Treaty" after the Boxer Rebellion. The barracks were respectively located in Haiguang.

The temple and the Dongjiaominxiang in Beiping were deployed in Beijing, Tianjin, Tanggu, Qinhuangdao, Shanhaiguan and other places. This army did many bad things in the Pingjin area, including the Jinan tragedy and the North China Incident.

On April 17, 1936, the Japanese cabinet brazenly decided to increase troops to North China, increasing the original 1,700 troops of the North China garrison to more than 5,700. According to the Shanghai "Shenbao", the actual number of Japanese troops increased by more than 14,000. Emperor Hirohito personally appointed him.

The former commander of the First Division, Lieutenant General Tashi Ichiro Ichi was the commander, Major General Hashimoto was the chief of staff, Major General Kawabian Masao served as the commander of the newly established infantry brigade of the garrison army, graduated from the 29th period of the Lu University, and later history

Colonel Mudaguchi, who became synonymous with "shamelessness" in Japan, was transferred from the head of the General Affairs Section of the General Staff Headquarters to the captain of the first corps of the Infantry Brigade of the North China Garage Army.

After Colonel Mutaguchi took office, a "second Fengtai incident" occurred. On September 8, 1936, he threatened Song Zheyuan to hand over Fengtai. Mutaguchi Ryoya and his superiors had tasted the sweetness.

Be unstoppable, be ready to plan bigger events at any time and gain greater benefits.

In November 1936, Kwantung Army Staff Cole Takayoshi Tanaka colluded with King Deok and attempted to plan the establishment of Inner Mongolia. As a result, King Deok, a puppet army, who was consulted by Japanese spies, was defeated by General Fu Zuoyi in Bailing Temple in Suiyuan. This incident caused the Japanese army to

Those who deliberately provoke trouble realize that not everyone in China is Zhang Xueliang, and it is not possible to support puppets alone. In addition, with the resolution of the Kuomintang-Communist negotiations and the Guangdong-Guangdong Incident, China may have a situation of unity and anti-Japanese resistance.

It is something that the Japanese would never want to see. The devils of the North China garrison garrison involuntarily accelerated their actions.

Therefore, after the beginning of summer in 1937, the Japanese army often conducted exercises in the Pingjin area, attempting to provoke trouble. The Pingjin area was already filled with dry firewood, and a little spark could ignite a sky-sky fire.

The commander of the North China garrison Army, Wanichiro Tada, has been in poor health recently. His heart disease has tortured him and he can hardly work normally.

Knowing that the commander was sick, Mudaguchi Ryokawa saw it and was anxious. Of course, Mudaguchi Ryokawa was also anxious not Tayo Wanichiro's illness, but when will he achieve success? At the beginning, Ishihara, Doihira, and Itagaki

After planning the September 18th Incident, he immediately became a star in the army, with positions, ranks, titles, and everything. That is a name left in history! How can he make a big splash like Ishihara, Doihirohara, Itagaki and others?

What about flying into the sky?

Mutaguchi Ryoya looked at the map again. From the map, Beiping is now surrounded on three sides. As long as Wanping City is taken down, the road from Beiping to the Central Plains will be cut off, and then Beiping will become a dead city.

The center of this corps is in North China, and the center of North China is in Pingjin. As long as Pingjin is taken, North China can naturally go down in one go. At that time, it will take the manpower and material resources of North China, Manchuria and Mongolia to take China as if it were to take things out. One step back, it is the military headquarters.

It is a great contribution to the integration of North China, Manchuria and Mongolia. Besides, does the military headquarters want to expand the scale of the war? Then they have no choice but to make up their decision, Mutaguchi Ryo

.

Mudaguchi Ryo also seemed to have seen the Emperor's smiling face. When he saw the Emperor awarding him a medal, he couldn't help but pick up the sake on the table and took a big sip, and hummed "Kunoshi" in his mouth.

After humming for a while, Mutaguchi Ryokawa also considered how to get the credit. He knew the solution, that is, to create a fait accompli. The question is who fired the first shot and caused this established fact?

After thinking about it, Mutaguchi Ryokawa also thought of the Tianjin secret service chief Hidekawa and the Grand Secretary.

Shigekawa Hideka is a high-level soccer student of Kenji Doihara. He graduated from the non-commissioned officer school and served in the second class of the General Staff Headquarters. He took Puyi to Manchuria with Kenji Doihara to serve as the head of the agency. He was sent by Kenji Doihara to Tianjin as the head of the agency.

I have been working to win over Chinese soldiers for two years, with the goal of establishing North China. This guy is almost crazy if he wants to make contributions, so there is no problem finding him.

As for others, Mudaguchi no longer wants to find him again. Commander Tashi Anichiro is ill, Chief of Staff Akamoto is cunning, I don’t know if he has close contact with the senior military leaders. The last "second Fengtai incident" was

He hinted clearly. Now he kept urging the exercises. It was so hot that he made the exercises so tight and he was very clear. He wanted to accidentally get fire and exchange fire with the Chinese army.

Can you enjoy the success of those guys in the military?

The guys in the military are probably afraid that China will achieve unification within China and will rise in anti-Japanese sentiment and will never be able to occupy China in the future. It seems that the theory proposed by Ishihara, the guy proposed the theory that consolidates Manchuria, Mongolia, North China, and then fights a protracted war with China.

No longer have the upper hand, the radical theory of quick battle and quick decision has won. Now no matter them, no matter what theory they have to do first! You must make careful plans and take action before the internal unification of China. What the empire needs is division and accumulation

The weak China, which is slaughtered by others, does not need to unite and fight against Japan!

After thinking about it, Mutaguchi Ryo also smiled grimly and asked him to call the Tianjin secret service chief Hideka Shirokawa and ask him to come to Fengtai immediately to discuss something.

After Shigekawa Hideka, Ryo Mudaguchi also invited him to a Japanese restaurant. The two of them hugged geisha, drank sake, and had a happy conversation.
To be continued...