Let him just play a role and leave.

Hu Caiting is a person with an identity. Half of her identity has been revealed, but it is still not fully revealed. Yin Seke also has an identity. The hints about her identity are actually quite sufficient. At this point in the writing, it is probably

It has already been laid out four or five times. It’s just that if you want to understand her identity now, you need the help of a lot of historical knowledge. Those who can decipher it are all experts. The structure of the entire novel is not a one-line novel. It starts with the meeting of the two women and continues from there.

There are many plots that have not been completely deciphered, leaving doubts. In this article, there are many characters who had no sense of existence in the early stage, and suddenly transformed into villain bosses with the support of historical facts, but these phenomena were foreshadowed in the previous chapters.

.I sincerely hope that a small number of friends can discover these doubts and go back and read it again after the book is finished. Who caused the Lu Mansion tragedy and who was the murderer of General Mulan. In Lanruo Temple

Who is the ultimate mole in... No, I can't say it anymore, otherwise it will be a spoiler... Next, we will talk about the real knowledge point of this section, about Bintie.

Bintie appears in this work with Samoyed Zhishou, and his sword is a bintie sword. As mentioned before, the Turkic ancestors were originally swordsmiths. The term bintie is used in "Book of Wei" and "History of the North".

appeared first in "", referring to some kind of patterned fine wrought iron in the Western Regions such as Persia, Jibin, and Kang. At the same time, the etymology of Khitan and the national treasure of the Liao Kingdom are also wrought iron. This work once hinted that Xu, the second person in the world to cast,

My wife is engaged in ironwork in the Northeast. So what exactly is ironwork? In the major encyclopedias (not just domestic this time, including Wiki), ironwork, pattern steel, crucible steel, Utz steel, Damascus steel, all are silly.

It's unclear and unclear. Is it really that difficult to explain clearly?

I won’t repeat those soulless explanations. Since readers are here today, you can hear professional and in-depth explanations, so that you will no longer have any doubts about these terms.

First of all, we need to know a basic concept. Steel is refined iron containing carbon. The lower the carbon content, the softer it is and the easier it is to plasticize. The higher the carbon content, the harder it is and the more brittle it is. Once the carbon content exceeds 2%, it will

It has become cast iron. Although it has high hardness, it is difficult to forge and is rarely used for making metal weapons. Excluding the proportion of other rare metals, high carbon steel with a carbon content of 1.5~2% is the best for weapon casting.

Steel.

Damascus knives (steel) are famous all over the world, but this craft was completely lost in the 18th century. Modern imitations of so-called "Damascus knives" are made of multi-layer forged raw wrought iron to produce patterns and high hardness. They were recreated by William F. Moran in 1973.

The current technology actually uses the steel filling method that appeared in the Han Dynasty of China and was improved by Qi Guanhuaiwen in the Southern and Northern Dynasties and was widely used.

The principle of the steel pouring method is similar to reinforced concrete in a layman's terms. It uses the hardness of pig iron (cast iron) and the plasticity of wrought iron to mix to improve the overall performance. Because two steel materials with different physical properties are mixed to create refining, the surface will

Showing mottled patterns.

The pattern generation principle of ancient Damascus steel is also similar. This casting technology in Central Asia was introduced from ancient India, that is, wootz steel technology. According to the mainstream theory, wootz steel appeared in the sixth century BC, and was first seen in Thailand, southern India.

The state of Mirna highly overlaps with the Panyue Kingdom (Pandiya) in terms of time and location. Based on Persian historical records, the West traces the original origin of wootz steel to Sri Lanka. Based on the previous knowledge points, we know that AD

The South Indians in the sixth century B.C. belonged to the Pan-Vietnamese cultural circle. Utz steel technology is a traditional crucible kiln steelmaking technology. This technology was also first mastered by the Yue people in China. In the sixth century B.C., that is, the Spring and Autumn Period

, the sword-making skills of the Yue people have been quite developed. The smelting temperature that the indigenous crucible can reach can reach about 1200 degrees Celsius.

Of course, the Damascus sword became famous in the twelfth century. The iron smelting at that time must have been improved in many details compared to the Indian wootz steel period and the swords made by the Vietnamese. There are indeed some physical Damascus swords that have been handed down. After modern microscopic analysis

, the microstructure of Damascus steel is a mixture of white cast iron and austenite. Austenite is a crystal formed when high carbon steel is cooled, which is beneficial to plasticity. After talking about this, we understand that this kind of steel is made by indigenous methods.

The principle of producing excellent properties of the refined sandwich steel is the same as that of the steel filling method, but it requires the use of the uneven temperature of the local furnace to complete the refining of raw and wrought iron in one go. The control of the heat is particularly important. This

Usually you can only rely on the experience of the craftsmen.

In modern times, we usually attribute the core of craftsmanship to excellence, which is just the craftsmanship of modern industry. In ancient times, the true embodiment of craftsmanship was defect management.

We often hear that some ancient crafts cannot be copied by modern industry. Why? The difference in the fundamental concept of craftsmanship is the reason. Modern industry does not teach you how to make "defective products" or how to control "cooked rice". And some ancient crafts just fail.

They are defective products, such as the famous Yaobian Tianmu Bowl.

A scholar once found a structure similar to carbon nanotubes in the carburization of a Damascus knife, so a wave of speculation began. In fact, carbon nanotubes are microstructures produced when gaseous hydrocarbons are deposited at about 1200 degrees Celsius. Ancient times

The furnace temperature of crucible steel is 1200 degrees Celsius. On the contrary, the temperature of modern blast furnaces is much higher than this, so naturally such crystals will not remain. This is not because ancient craftsmanship is magical and knows how to control it purposefully, but that the objective conditions are just met.

In addition to the objective limitations and defect control of the process, raw materials are also an important aspect that restricts ancient technology. China's iron smelting industry has not been able to replace copper smelting for a long time. Another very important reason is that the vast majority of China's iron ores are poor ores. In ancient times,

Many famous iron smelting areas are not necessarily leading in technology, but also in the quality of the ore. For example, the ancient Indian casting miracle, the stainless Ashoka Pillar, which is praised by Indians, has undergone modern metallographic analysis.

, it just contains higher phosphorus. Damascus steel also contains phosphorus and manganese. Phosphorus has a characteristic in steelmaking, it can help form larger austenite crystals and help improve toughness.

China's iron ore comes out of the Northeast, where the Khitan dragon thrives. The Northeast is still one of the four major iron ore mining areas in China. Although the iron ore there is relatively poor, the ore contains phosphorus and manganese, which should be a vein that is easier to cook with raw rice.

.

Therefore, filled steel, patterned steel, and modern imitation Damascus steel are all mixed with raw and cooked rice. Ancient Damascus steel and Utz steel are all types of indigenous crucible steel. They are natural mixed rice with raw rice and are not advanced craftsmanship. To cook

This kind of stuffed rice requires the selection of ore and the experience of craftsmen. Therefore, this craft has died out. Bin iron refers to this kind of stuffed steel. This kind of steel is not always imported from China. It has always been produced in the Northeast.

.

Those famous swords in ancient times, no matter how much you boast about them, can't compare to modern swords. The hardness index is listed, and you don't need to boast to the sky. It's just that in ancient times, when there was a lack of objective evaluation standards, once the quality of swords in a certain region was obtained
Chapter completed!